Complementary limiting factors of astaxanthin synthesis during photoautotrophic induction of Haematococcus pluvialis: C/N ratio and light intensity

Kang, Chang Duk; Lee, J. S.; Park, T. H.; Sim, Sang Jun

doi:10.1007/s00253-006-0759-x

Cited by 70 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (Phaffia rhodozyma) and the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) are known as the main microorganisms capable of synthesizing astaxanthin 27 . A number of studies have been carried out to determine the best conditions to synthesize and extract astaxanthin from these microorganisms [28][29][30] . H. pluvialis accumulates higher amounts of ketocarotenoids in cytoplasmic lipid vesicles and has been reported to be the richest source of natural astaxanthin 14 , reaching 9.2mg/g cell 27 .…”

Section: Astaxanthin Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin: structural and functional aspects

Seabra

Pedrosa

2010

Rev. Nutr.

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1 Article based on L.M.J. SEABRA' s thesis project entitled "Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp: components of nutritional importance in meat and processing waste. A B S T R A C TAstaxanthin, a carotenoid belonging to the xanthophyll class, has stirred great interest due to its antioxidant capacity and its possible role in reducing the risk of some diseases. Astaxanthin occurs naturally in microalgae, such as Haematococcus pluvialis and the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma, and has also been considered to be the major carotenoid in salmon and crustaceans. Shrimp processing waste, which is generally discarded, is also an important source of astaxanthin. The antioxidant activity of astaxanthin has been observed to modulate biological functions related to lipid peroxidation, having beneficial effects on chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, macular degeneration and cancer. Researches have shown that both astaxanthin obtained from natural sources and its synthetic counterpart produce satisfactory effects, but studies in humans are limited to natural sources. There is no established nutritional recommendation regarding astaxanthin daily intake but most studies reported beneficial results from a daily intake of 4mg. Thus, this review discusses some aspects of the carotenoid astaxanthin, highlighting its chemical structure and antioxidant activity, and some studies that report its use in humans.Indexing terms: Antioxidants. Astaxanthin. Carotenoids. Chronic diseases. R E S U M O

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Section: Astaxanthin Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin: structural and functional aspects

Seabra

Pedrosa

2010

Rev. Nutr.

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“…Entre as formas mais funcionais de estresse celular, destacam-se: a privação de nutrientes específicos, como nitrogênio ou fósforo (Fabregas et al, 2003;Imamoglu et al 2009); a adição de NaCl (Kobayashi et al, 1997); o estresse oxidativo, promovido por meio da adição de ferro (Kobayashi et al, 1993); o aumento da relação C/N disponível para a célula (Kang et al, 2007); e o aumento da intensidade luminosa (Wang et al, 2003;Torzillo et al, 2005).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Esta relação positiva entre o incremento da iluminação e o desempenho da carotenogênese foi observada em células submetidas a um aumento de quatro (Kang et al, 2007) e de seis a sete vezes o valor inicial da intensidade luminosa (Imamoglu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Fatores indutores do aumento da síntese de astaxantina pela célula de H. pluvialis podem ser acompanhados por meio das alterações de parâmetros fisiológicos e abióticos, como aumento do tamanho e da biomassa celular (Cifuentes et al, 2003), da razão carotenoides/clorofila a (Car/Chl a) intracelular (Kobayashi et al, 1993(Kobayashi et al, , 1997Orosa et al, 2005), ou, ainda, da razão C/N disponível para a célula (Kobayashi et al, 1997;Kang et al, 2007). Göksan et al (2010), ao adicionar acetato de sódio no meio de cultura de células de H. pluvialis no final da fase exponencial, obtiveram células encistadas (aplanósporos vermelhos) com maior peso seco e maior concentração de pigmentos, o que mostra que a adição de uma fonte de carbono é benéfica nessa etapa de indução à carotenogênese.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

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Carotenogênese em células de Haematococcus pluvialis induzidas pelos estresses luminoso e nutricional

Nunes

Vieira

Pinto

et al. 2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as respostas das células de Haematococcus pluvialis ao processo de indução à carotenogênese, sob estresse luminoso e nutricional. As células foram aclimatadas durante 15 dias em meio WC, com aeração com ar atmosférico sintético filtrado e fluxo de 100 mL min ; e cultivo nas mesmas condições do tratamento anterior, mas com aeração contendo 4% de CO 2 . Os tratamentos foram conduzidos em triplicata, durante dez dias. Com a adição de CO 2 e o incremento da iluminação, observou-se aumento da razão carotenoides/clorofila e da biomassa celular. As células cessaram a divisão no segundo dia de estresse, quando o nitrato se tornou limitante, e aumentaram significativamente seu biovolume. A excreção de carbono orgânico e a concentração de astaxantina aumentam em resposta à adição de CO 2 . O estresse por intensidade luminosa, aliado à adição de CO 2 , otimiza a carotenogênese em H. pluvialis e aumenta a produção de astaxantina.Termos para indexação: astaxantina, carbono orgânico dissolvido, carotenoide, intensidade luminosa, microalga. Carotenogenesis in Haematococcus pluvialis cells induced by light and nutrient stressesAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the responses of Haematococcus pluvialis cells to the carotenogenesis induction process, under light and nutrition stress. Cells were acclimated during 15 days in WC medium, with aeration with synthetic, filtered atmospheric air and flow rate of 100 mL min , photoperiod of 12 hours, and temperature of 23°C. The following two treatments were compared: cultivation under the described conditions, but with increase of light intensity up to 350 µmol photons m -2 s -1 ; and cultivation under the same conditions as the previous treatment, but with aeration containing 4% CO 2 . The treatments were done in triplicate, during ten days. With the addition of CO 2 and the increment in lighting, an increase was observed in the carotenoids/chlorophyll ratio and cell biomass. Cells stopped dividing on the second day of stress, when nitrate became limiting, and significantly increased their biovolume. The excretion of organic carbon and the concentration of astaxanthin increase in response to the addition of CO 2. Stress by light intensity combined with CO 2 addition optimizes carotenogenesis in H. pluvialis and increases astaxanthin production.

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“…Although certain cyanobacteria contain β-carotene (80% of total carotenoids) as the major carotenoids followed by zeaxanthin, the commercial source of β-carotene is only Dunaliella salina [14,15]. Likewise, Haematococcus pluvialis is a popular microalga as it is the richest natural source of commercial carotenoid astaxanthin, which has much higher antioxidant activities than β-carotene and Vitamin E [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation of Microalgae Species for Nutraceutical Purposes: Cultivation Aspects

Saha

Murray

2018

Fermentation

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Cyanobacteria and microalgae have been cultivated only for a limited number of bioactive compounds or biotechnological applications such as for carotenoids; essential omega-3 fatty acids; phycobilipigments; live cells, unprocessed or minimally processed complete biomass as aqua feed, animal feed and human health supplements as rich sources of proteins, carbohydrates, pigments, vitamins and minerals. However, cyanobacteria and microalgae have been reported through several research investigations as a potential source for various bioactive molecules with marketable nutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties. Therefore, more cultivation of cyanobacteria and microalgae species are waiting for new biotechnological applications. At present, the global demand for microalgal applications is focused on biofuels including biodiesel and bioethanol apart from a handful (mentioned above) of bioactive compounds which are mostly used as nutraceuticals. Thus, microalgal biorefinery is growing rapidly for multiple commodities production from both conventional and photobioreactor-based cultivation for biomass feedstocks for various biotechnological applications. This review presents the cultivation aspects of selected cyanobacteria and microalgae for commercial purposes.

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Complementary limiting factors of astaxanthin synthesis during photoautotrophic induction of Haematococcus pluvialis: C/N ratio and light intensity

Cited by 70 publications

References 26 publications

Astaxanthin: structural and functional aspects

Astaxanthin: structural and functional aspects

Carotenogênese em células de Haematococcus pluvialis induzidas pelos estresses luminoso e nutricional

Exploitation of Microalgae Species for Nutraceutical Purposes: Cultivation Aspects

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