Complementary uses of chlorine dioxide and ozone for drinking water treatment

Long, Bruce W.; Hulsey, Robert A.; Hoehn, Robert C.

doi:10.1080/01919512.1999.10382885

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) works as an oxidizing but not as a chlorinating agent. Currently, ClO2 is used mainly as a pre-and intermediate oxidant and disinfectant (Long et al 1999). In both cases, the proper way to determine a ClO2 treatment dose is to perform an oxidant-demand study (Gordon 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of PAA Demand and its Implications on Disinfection of Wastewaters

Falsanisi

Gehr

Santoro

et al. 2006

Water Quality Research Journal

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Disinfectant demand and microbial inactivation rate are essential issues for assessing disinfection performance and proper design of disinfecting systems. In the United Kingdom and Italy, peracetic acid (PAA) has recently become an accepted disinfectant for treating wastewaters prior to reuse in agriculture, and its use is likely to spread worldwide due to its efficacy as well as the benign nature of the by-products produced. In this paper, overall PAA demand during the advanced disinfection of municipal wastewater for agricultural reuse was evaluated under different experimental conditions. Batch tests were carried out using primary and secondary settled effluents sampled at the City of Taranto municipal wastewater treatment plant. PAA dosages ranged from 1.5 to 8.5 mg/L and from 21 to 40 mg/L for the secondary and primary settled effluents, respectively. Residual PAA was measured after contact times ranging from 1 to 60 min. Results showed that after a strong and almost instantaneous initial disinfectant consumption, the PAA consumption followed first-order kinetics with both effluents. The effluent characteristics affected the values of the parameters in the consumption model. PAA disinfection efficacy was assessed in terms of total coliform and Escherichia coli indicator organism reduction; better results were achieved with the latter. The approximate solution of Hom's model established by Haas and Joffe was used to model inactivation kinetics of both microbial targets.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of PAA Demand and its Implications on Disinfection of Wastewaters

Falsanisi

Gehr

Santoro

et al. 2006

Water Quality Research Journal

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“…The concentration of the disinfecting agent (ozone) was kept constant and consequently, Eq. (4) can be written as follows: (4) where k' is the microbial inactivation rate constant (min -1 ). This log-linear model was used to fit the ozone disinfection data.…”

Section: Disinfection Kinetics and Modelling Of Survival Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is therefore a great need to explore the use of alternative disinfectants such as ozone which is a strong germicide against bacteria, viruses and protozoa because of its high oxidizing capacity (standard oxidation potential 2.07 V) [1,2]. Its oxidizing power is superior to that of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and chloramines for the inactivation of different waterborne pathogens and therefore requires shorter contact times (4 to 5 times less than chlorine) for antimicrobial action [3,4]. In wastewater treatment, apart from disinfection, ozone also simultaneously oxi-dizes organic compounds, forms limited DBPs, and can remove undesirable odours and colour, thus improving the overall wastewater quality [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling inactivation kinetics of waterborne pathogens in municipal wastewater using ozone

Mecha

Ochieng

Momba

2019

Environmental Engineering Research

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Microbial water pollution is a key concern leading to waterborne diseases. This study evaluated the disinfection of wastewater using ozonation. The following aspects were investigated: inactivation efficiency against Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Shigella species, and Vibrio cholerae; modelling of inactivation kinetics using disinfection models; and evaluation of microbial regrowth studies. 99% bacterial inactivation was obtained within 15 min, irrespective of the water matrix, showing the strong oxidizing potential of ozone. The disinfection data were fitted into the log-linear and Weibull models. The survival curves were non-linear and fitted the Weibull model (fractional bias and normalized mean square error equal to 0.0), especially at high bacterial concentrations (106 CFU/mL). The inactivation occurred in two stages: an initial rapid stage (15 min) and a final slow stage exhibiting a tailing mechanism (15-45 min) probably as a result of the self-defence mechanisms adopted by the bacteria to limit oxidative stress. Considering the pattern of survival curves, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed among the four tested bacterial species; thus showing that ozone was effective against all the bacteria tested. There was minimal bacterial regrowth in the treated samples 24 h after ozone disinfection with reactivation values of 0-5% obtained.

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“…. However, gaseous O 3 is more stable with half-life of approximately 12h in atmospheric air [12]. Aqueous O 3 can directly react with the dissolved organic compounds or can generate radical species such as a hydroxyl radical (OH¯) that have more oxidative potential (2.83 volts) than O 3 [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Decontamination Power of Aqueous and Gaseous Ozone on Various Contaminated Surfaces with Cattle Manure containing Salmonella

Megahed¹,

Brian²,

Lowe³

2018

J Adv Dairy Res

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Despite using ozone (O 3) as an attractive alternative disinfectant for more than a century, little is known about the killing capacity of O 3 against Salmonella contaminated different surfaces in dairy operations. Accordingly, our objective was to characterize the killing capacity of aqueous and gaseous O 3 at different operational conditions on Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Choleraesuis (aSTC) contaminated plastic, metal, nylon, rubber, and wood surfaces. In a crossover design, 14 strips of each material were randomly assigned between 3 groups, treatment (n=6), positive-control (n=6), and negative-control (n=2). The strips were loaded with aSTC (10 7-10 8) and exposed to aqueous O 3 of 2, 4, and 9 ppm for 4 minutes, and gaseous O 3 of 1 and 9 ppm for 30, 60, and 120 minutes. Plastic and metal surfaces were most effectively decontaminated, an aqueous O 3 of 4 ppm reduced aSTC by 6.7 and 5.2log 10 , respectively, and 9 ppm resulted in no detectable aSTC. On nylon and rubber, aqueous O 3 of 9 ppm reduced aSTC population to a safe level (5.8 and 5.1-log 10). On wood, both aqueous and gaseous O 3 at up to 9 ppm were unable to reduce aSTC to undetectable limit. Interestingly, aSTC load and sequential washing showed same impacts on the reduction rate of aSTC on complex surfaces. Our findings strongly indicate that aqueous O 3 of 9 ppm for 4 minutes exposure is an effective means to clear smooth surfaces of a high Salmonella load. However, sequential washing or decrease the bacterial load is needed to effectively decontaminate complex surfaces.

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Complementary uses of chlorine dioxide and ozone for drinking water treatment

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Kinetics of PAA Demand and its Implications on Disinfection of Wastewaters

Kinetics of PAA Demand and its Implications on Disinfection of Wastewaters

Modelling inactivation kinetics of waterborne pathogens in municipal wastewater using ozone

Evaluation of the Decontamination Power of Aqueous and Gaseous Ozone on Various Contaminated Surfaces with Cattle Manure containing Salmonella

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