Complete genome of Mycetocola spongiae MSC19T isolated from deep-sea sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis indicates the adaptation to deep-sea environment and sponge-microbe symbioses

Chen, Yuling; Pan, Tianjiao; Chai, Guangjun; Li, Zhiyong

doi:10.1016/j.margen.2022.100955

Marine Genomics

2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2022.100955

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Complete genome of Mycetocola spongiae MSC19T isolated from deep-sea sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis indicates the adaptation to deep-sea environment and sponge-microbe symbioses

Yuling Chen

Tianjiao Pan

Guangjun Chai

et al.

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Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

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A mutualistic bacterium rescues a green alga from an antagonist

Carrasco Flores,

Hotter,

Vuong

et al. 2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Photosynthetic protists, known as microalgae, are key contributors to primary production on Earth. Since early in evolution, they coexist with bacteria in nature, and their mode of interaction shapes ecosystems. We have recently shown that the bacterium Pseudomonas protegens acts algicidal on the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. It secretes a cyclic lipopeptide and a polyyne that deflagellate, blind, and lyse the algae [P. Aiyar et al. , Nat. Commun. 8 , 1756 (2017) and V. Hotter et al. , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118 , e2107695118 (2021)]. Here, we report about the bacterium Mycetocola lacteus, which establishes a mutualistic relationship with C. reinhardtii and acts as a helper. While M. lacteus enhances algal growth, it receives methionine as needed organic sulfur and the vitamins B 1 , B 3 , and B 5 from the algae. In tripartite cultures with the alga and the antagonistic bacterium P. protegens , M. lacteus aids the algae in surviving the bacterial attack. By combining synthetic natural product chemistry with high-resolution mass spectrometry and an algal Ca 2+ reporter line, we found that M. lacteus rescues the alga from the antagonistic bacterium by cleaving the ester bond of the cyclic lipopeptide involved. The resulting linearized seco acid does not trigger a cytosolic Ca 2+ homeostasis imbalance that leads to algal deflagellation. Thus, the algae remain motile, can swim away from the antagonistic bacteria and survive the attack. All three involved genera cooccur in nature. Remarkably, related species of Pseudomonas and Mycetocola also act antagonistically against C. reinhardtii or as helper bacteria in tripartite cultures.

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A mutualistic bacterium rescues a green alga from an antagonist

Carrasco Flores,

Hotter,

Vuong

et al. 2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Comprehensive genome analysis of two novel Saccharopolyspora strains—Saccharopolyspora montiporae sp. nov. and Saccharopolyspora galaxeae sp. nov. isolated from stony corals in Hainan

Xie,

Li,

Xie

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Marine actinomycetes exhibit a high level of biodiversity and possess significant potential for the production of high-value secondary metabolites. During the course of investigation of marine actinobacteria from corals, two Saccharopolyspora strains, namely, HNM0983T and HNM0986T, were isolated from stony corals collected from the coastal area of Hainan Island. The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence analysis revealed that these two strains are putative novel taxa of the genus Saccharopolyspora. Whole-genome sequencing comparisons further confirmed the two strains as belonging to two novel Saccharopolyspora species, which can be distinguished phenotypically and chemically from their current closest phylogenetic relatives. Some genomic information of the genus Saccharopolyspora was compared for evaluating the production capacity of secondary metabolites. A total of 519 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) from the genus Saccharopolyspora were used for analysis, and terpene BGCs were found to be widespread and most abundant in this genus. In addition, abundant novel BGCs in the genus Saccharopolyspora are not clustered with the known BGCs in the database, indicating that the metabolites of the genus Saccharopolyspora deserve further exploration. On the basis of these presented results, Saccharopolyspora montiporae sp. nov. (type strain = HNM0983T = CCTCC AA 2020014T = KCTC 49526T) and Saccharopolyspora galaxeae sp. nov. (type strain = HNM0986T = CCTCC AA 2020011T = KCTC 49524T) are proposed as the names for the new strains, respectively.

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The Diversity of Deep-Sea Actinobacteria and Their Natural Products: An Epitome of Curiosity and Drug Discovery

2022

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Bioprospecting of novel antibiotics has been the conventional norm of research fostered by researchers worldwide to combat drug resistance. With the exhaustion of incessant leads, the search for new chemical entities moves into uncharted territories such as the deep sea. The deep sea is a furthermost ecosystem with much untapped biodiversity thriving under extreme conditions. Accordingly, it also encompasses a vast pool of ancient natural products. Actinobacteria are frequently regarded as the bacteria of research interest due to their inherent antibiotic-producing capabilities. These interesting groups of bacteria occupy diverse ecological habitats including a multitude of different deep-sea habitats. In this review, we provide a recent update on the novel species and compounds of actinomycetes from the deep-sea environments within a period of 2016–2022. Within this period, a total of 24 new species of actinomycetes were discovered and characterized as well as 101 new compounds of various biological activities. The microbial communities of various deep-sea ecosystems are the emerging frontiers of bioprospecting.

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Complete genome of Mycetocola spongiae MSC19T isolated from deep-sea sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis indicates the adaptation to deep-sea environment and sponge-microbe symbioses

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

A mutualistic bacterium rescues a green alga from an antagonist

A mutualistic bacterium rescues a green alga from an antagonist

Comprehensive genome analysis of two novel Saccharopolyspora strains—Saccharopolyspora montiporae sp. nov. and Saccharopolyspora galaxeae sp. nov. isolated from stony corals in Hainan

The Diversity of Deep-Sea Actinobacteria and Their Natural Products: An Epitome of Curiosity and Drug Discovery

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