Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) Provisionally Designated PPV5

Xiao, Chao-Ting; Halbur, Patrick G.; Opriessnig, Tanja

doi:10.1128/genomea.00021-12

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The other sequence had a high identity (around 99%) to the published PPV4 sequences. Subsequently, the whole genome of PPV5 strain ND564 from North Dakota was obtained [28] with the methods of SISPA and inverse PCR. Moreover, three other whole PPV5 genomes (strain MI216 from Michigan, strain IN273 from Indiana and strain IA469 from Iowa) were further obtained with the primers designed based on the sequence of ND564.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During an initial investigation of the PPV4 prevalence in U.S. pigs, a novel PPV, provisionally named PPV5, was identified [28] and showed the closest relationship (overall genome sequence identities of 64.1–67.3%) to PPV4. Detailed genomic characterization at the nucleotide and amino acid levels during the present study revealed that the PPV5 possesses two predicated ORFs, similar to BPV2 but different from PPV4, and that the conserved motifs of the Ca 2+ binding loop (YXGXG) and the HDXXY in the catalytic center of phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) are present in the capsid protein (VP1) of PPV5 but are lacking in PPV4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of a Novel Porcine Parvovirus Tentatively Designated PPV5

et al. 2013

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A new porcine parvovirus (PPV), provisionally designated as PPV5, was identified in U.S. pigs. Cloning and sequencing from a circular or head-to-tail concatemeric array revealed that the PPV5 possesses the typical genomic organization of parvoviruses with two major predicted open reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2), and is most closely related to PPV4 with overall genomic identities of 64.1–67.3%. The amino acid identities between PPV5 and PPV4 were 84.6%–85.1% for ORF1 and 54.0%–54.3% for ORF2. Unlike PPV4, but similar to bovine parvovirus 2 (BPV2), PPV5 lacks the additional ORF3 and has a much longer ORF2. Moreover, the amino acid sequences of ORF1 and ORF2 of BPV2 showed higher homologies to PPV5 than to PPV4. The conserved motifs of the Ca2+ binding loop (YXGXG) and the catalytic center (HDXXY) of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were identified in VP1 (ORF2) of PPV5, as well as in BPV2, but were not present in PPV4. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that PPV5, PPV4 and BPV2 form a separate clade different from the genera Parvovirus and Bocavirus. Further epidemiologic investigations of PPV4 and PPV5 in U.S. pigs of different ages indicated a slightly higher prevalence for PPV5 (6.6%; 32/483) compared to PPV4 (4.1%; 20/483), with detection of concurrent PPV4 and PPV5 in 15.6% (7/45) of lungs of infected pigs. Evidence for potential vertical transmission or association with reproductive failure was minimal for both PPV4 and PPV5. The high similarity to PPV4 and the lack of ORF3 may suggest PPV5 is an intermediate of PPV4 during the evolution of parvoviruses in pigs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Novel Porcine Parvovirus Tentatively Designated PPV5

et al. 2013

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“…More recent ones are yet to be assigned into species and genus under the subfamily. These include PPVs 5, 6 and 7 (Xiao et al, 2013a;Ni et al, 2014;Schirtzinger et al, 2015;Palinski et al, 2016;Xing et al, 2018).…”

Section: The Observable Increase In the Number Of Porcine Parvovirusementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The viruses have been tentatively designated as porcine parvovirus types 5, 6 and 7 (PPV5, PPV6 and PPV7). Xiao et al (2013a) detected a novel porcine parvovirus with the closest genomic sequence identity of 64.1-67.3% to PPV4 from swine lung samples during a study to ascertain the prevalence of PPV4 in the USA. The viral genome was further characterized and was found to be different from PPV4 as its genome lacks the extra ORF3 that is peculiar to the PPV4 and bocaviruses (Xiao et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Novel Unassigned Porcine Parvovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing diversity of swine parvoviruses and their epidemiology in African pigs

Afolabi

Iweriebor

Okoh

et al. 2019

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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A B S T R A C TDetection of infectious viral agents has been on the increase globally with the advent and usage of more sensitive and selective novel molecular techniques in the epidemiological study of viral diseases of economic importance to the swine industry. The observation is not different for the pig-infecting member of the subfamily Parvovirinae in the family Parvoviridae as the application of novel molecular methods like metagenomics has brought about the detection of many other novel members of the group. Surprisingly, the list keeps increasing day by day with some of them possessing zoonotic potentials. In the last one decade, not less than ten novel swine-infecting viruses have been added to the subfamily, and ceaseless efforts have been in top gear to determine the occurrence and prevalence of the old and new swine parvoviruses in herds of pig-producing countries worldwide. The story, however, is on the contrary on the African continent as there is presently a dearth of information on surveillance initiatives of the viruses among swine herds of pig-producing countries in the region. Timely detection and characterization of the viral pathogens is highly imperative for the implementation of effective control and prevention of its spread. This review therefore presents a concise overview on the epidemiology of novel porcine parvoviruses globally and also provides up-to-date highlights on the reported cases of the viral agents in the African sub-region.

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“…Among PPVs, PPV1 causes major reproductive failure in sows characterized by the stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death and infertility (Karniychuk & Nauwynck, ) and is an economically important viral pathogen for pig industry worldwide (Zhou & Yang, ), while other PPVs are usually co‐infected with other pathogens, and may play associated role in disease development (Ghosh et al, ; Saekhow et al, ). Recently, a number of novel PPVs, such as PPV5, PPV6 and PPV7, have been discovered using advanced molecular and biological techniques (Palinski, ; Schirtzinger, Suddith, Hause, & Hesse, ; Xiao, Halbur, & Opriessnig, ). Phylogenetic analysis of these newly identified viruses reveals that PPV5 and PPV6 are closer with PPV4 (64.1%–67.3% and 43.9%–44.6%, respectively, by nucleotide and amino acid similarity), and PPV7 is more closely related to turkey parvovirus‐TuPV, and fruit bats parvovirus EhPV2 (Eidolon helium) (Palinski, ; Schirtzinger et al, ; Xiao et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A viral metagenomic analysis reveals rich viral abundance and diversity in mosquitoes from pig farms

Hameed

Liu

Anwar

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Mosquitoes harbour a diversity of viruses and are responsible for several mosquito‐borne viral diseases of humans and animals, thereby leading to major public health concerns, and significant economic losses across the globe. Viral metagenomics offers a great opportunity for bulk analysis of viral genomes retrieved directly from environmental samples. In this study, we performed a viral metagenomic analysis of five pools of mosquitoes belonging to Aedes, Anopheles and Culex species, collected from different pig farms in the vicinity of Shanghai, China, to explore the viral community carried by mosquitoes. The resulting metagenomic data revealed that viral community in the mosquitoes was highly diverse and varied in abundance among pig farms, which comprised of more than 48 viral taxonomic families, specific to vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, fungi, bacteria and protozoa. In addition, a considerable number of viral reads were related to viruses that are not classified by host. The read sequences related to animal viruses included parvoviruses, anelloviruses, circoviruses, flavivirus, rhabdovirus and seadornaviruses, which might be taken up by mosquitoes from viremic animal hosts during blood feeding. Notably, sample G1 contained the most abundant sequence related to Banna virus, which is of public health interest because it causes encephalitis in humans. Furthermore, non‐classified viruses also shared considerable virus sequences in all the samples, presumably belonging to unexplored virus category. Overall, the present study provides a comprehensive knowledge of diverse viral populations carried by mosquitoes at pig farms, which is a potential source of diseases for mammals including humans and animals. These viral metagenomic data are valuable for assessment of emerging and re‐emerging viral epidemics.

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Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) Provisionally Designated PPV5

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Characterization of a Novel Porcine Parvovirus Tentatively Designated PPV5

Characterization of a Novel Porcine Parvovirus Tentatively Designated PPV5

Increasing diversity of swine parvoviruses and their epidemiology in African pigs

A viral metagenomic analysis reveals rich viral abundance and diversity in mosquitoes from pig farms

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