Complete Genome Sequence of the Larvicidal Bacterium Lysinibacillus sphaericus Strain OT4b.25

Rey, A San Jose Vazquez del; Silva-Quintero, Laura; Dussán, Jenny

doi:10.1128/genomea.00257-16

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This value is almost the same as the reference strain of L. sphaericus which usually has a G+C content in the range of 37-38%, such as isolate C3-41 with a G+C content of 37.29% (Hu et al 2008). L. sphaericus entomopathogenic reference strain by WHO 2362 with a G+C content of 37.3% (Hernández-Santana et al 2016), strain OT4b.25 with a G+C content of 37.15% (Rey et al 2016), low level of toxicity KCTC 3346T or DSM 28 with a G+C content of 37.1% (Jeong et al 2013), and strain LMG22257 which contains G+C 38.99% (Yan et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The total length of the genome sequence for L. sphaericus isolate 6.2 was 4.6 Mbp. Based on the reference of whole-genome sequencing studies on reference strains of L. sphaericus, these bacteria have a genome size ranging from 4-5 Mbp, such as C3-41 measuring 4.64 Mbp (Hu et al 2008), WHO reference isolate 2362 measuring 4.67 Mbp (Hernández-Santana et al 2016), CBAM5 metal tolerance isolate measuring 5.14 Mbp (Peña-Montenegro et al 2015), entomopathogenic strain OT4b.25 measuring 4.66 Mbp (Rey et al 2016), as well as strains with a low level of toxicity to mosquito larvae, KCT 3346T or DSM28, measuring 4.56 Mbp (Jeong et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome analysis of Lysinibacillus sphaericus isolate 6.2 pathogenic to Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae)

Viersanova

Purwanto

2021

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Viersanova A, Purwanto H. 2021. Genome analysis of Lysinibacillus sphaericus isolate 6.2 pathogenic to Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae). Biodiversitas 22: 5211-5222. Lysinibacillus sphaericus is an entomopathogenic bacteria that is specific to vector mosquitoes, especially Culex spp., and Anopheles spp., so it has been widely used as a bioinsecticide. L. sphaericus has a wide variation of toxicity efficiencies, which have led to continuous exploration of new isolates with higher toxicity and a new toxin to deal with resistance problems. This study aimed to identify the genomic characteristics and toxin characteristics of isolate 6.2 based on whole genome analysis and analyze the identification of isolate 6.2. Isolate 6.2 was previously obtained from rhizosphere in Yogyakarta. To analyze the genome and toxins, the NGS technique was used and then the analysis was carried out using a couple of freely available bioinformatics tools. Molecular identification was carried out with the 16SrRNA gene and the relationship was analyzed by reconstructing the phylogenetic tree using Neighbours-Joining. The genomic analysis of isolate 6.2 showed good results with G+C content and genome size that matched the reference genome of L. sphaericus. The result of the 16SrRNA gene blasting showed that the closest related gene of isolate 6.2 is L. fusiformis (NR_042072.1). However, the reconstructed phylogenetic tree did not show the formation of clusters according to the species. Toxin analysis indicates that isolate 6.2 has Mtx, s-layer protein, hemolysin, and chitin-binding protein genes. All of which are known to be associated with the toxicity of L. sphaericus to binary toxin resistant population of Culex quinquefasciatus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome analysis of Lysinibacillus sphaericus isolate 6.2 pathogenic to Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae)

Viersanova

Purwanto

2021

Biodiversitas

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“…Although other mosquitocidal toxins can also be produced by L. sphaericus [ 14 ] (see Section 2.3 ), the Bin crystal is the main active ingredient in the commercial products available to date, which are based on highly toxic strains such as 1593, 2362, and C3-41 [ 5 , 109 ]. The decoding of the L. sphaericus genome enabled a better understanding of the evolution of toxins produced by the different strains and their association with the virulence phenotype [ 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 ]. A comparative analysis of genomes from high, moderate, low or non-toxic strains, revealed that the highly toxic strains exhibit strong syntenic relationships and share a “chromosome backbone” from a common ancestor, where the number of predicted genes ranged from ~4470 to 4701 [ 24 , 110 ].…”

Section: Toxins and Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Toxins Active against Mosquitoes: Mode of Action and Resistance

Silva-Filha

Romão

Rezende

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Larvicides based on the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis svar. israelensis (Bti) and Lysinibacillus sphaericus are effective and environmentally safe compounds for the control of dipteran insects of medical importance. They produce crystals that display specific and potent insecticidal activity against larvae. Bti crystals are composed of multiple protoxins: three from the three-domain Cry type family, which bind to different cell receptors in the midgut, and one cytolytic (Cyt1Aa) protoxin that can insert itself into the cell membrane and act as surrogate receptor of the Cry toxins. Together, those toxins display a complex mode of action that shows a low risk of resistance selection. L. sphaericus crystals contain one major binary toxin that display an outstanding persistence in field conditions, which is superior to Bti. However, the action of the Bin toxin based on its interaction with a single receptor is vulnerable for resistance selection in insects. In this review we present the most recent data on the mode of action and synergism of these toxins, resistance issues, and examples of their use worldwide. Data reported in recent years improved our understanding of the mechanism of action of these toxins, showed that their combined use can enhance their activity and counteract resistance, and reinforced their relevance for mosquito control programs in the future years.

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“…aegypti larvae [ 16 , 18 ], but there are no reports regarding the whole vegetative cell. Recent genomic studies have revealed that some L. sphaericus strains have hemolysins and chitinases genes, which could play an important role in the entomopathogenic activity of these strains [ 19 – 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the vegetative cells of Lysinibacillus sphaericus for biological control of insecticide-resistant Aedes aegypti

Rojas-Pinzón

Dussán

2017

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundThe control of Aedes aegypti is usually based on chemical insecticides, but the overuse of these compounds has led to increased resistance. The binary toxin produced by Lysinibacillus sphaericus in the final stages of sporulation is used for mosquito control due to its specificity against the culicid larvae; however, it has been proved that Ae. aegypti is refractory for this toxin. Currently, there is no evidence of the use of L. sphaericus vegetative cells for mosquito biocontrol. Therefore, in this study, the vegetative cells of three L. sphaericus strains were assessed against a field-collected Ae. aegypti, resistant to temephos, and the reference Rockefeller strain.ResultsVegetative cells of L. sphaericus 2362, III(3)7 and OT4b.25 produced between 90% and 100% of larvae mortality in the reference Rockefeller strain. Effective concentrations of each L. sphaericus strain for the four larval stages ranged from 1.4 to 2 × 107 CFU/ml. Likewise, a consortium of L. sphaericus assessed against a field-collected Ae. aegypti resistant to temephos and the Rockefeller strain caused 90% of larvae mortality. Concentrations of L. sphaericus consortium that resulted in larvae mortality of field-collected and Rockefeller Ae. aegypti ranged from 1.7 to 2.5 × 107 CFU/ml. The vegetative cells of L. sphaericus have no effect on the Ae. aegypti eggs and pupae.ConclusionsThe vegetative cells of L. sphaericus are effective against Ae. aegypti larvae, meaning that it could be used in the biological control of these mosquito species. Since the L. sphaericus consortium was effective against temephos-resistant Ae. aegypti, vegetative cells could be an alternative to overcome insecticide-resistant populations. Further studies, should be conducted to reveal the mode of action and the toxic principle of L. sphaericus vegetative cells.

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Complete Genome Sequence of the Larvicidal Bacterium Lysinibacillus sphaericus Strain OT4b.25

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Genome analysis of Lysinibacillus sphaericus isolate 6.2 pathogenic to Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae)

Genome analysis of Lysinibacillus sphaericus isolate 6.2 pathogenic to Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae)

Bacterial Toxins Active against Mosquitoes: Mode of Action and Resistance

Efficacy of the vegetative cells of Lysinibacillus sphaericus for biological control of insecticide-resistant Aedes aegypti

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