Complete mitogenome of the Painted Jezebel, <I>Delias hyparete</I> Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) and its comparison with other butterfly species

Abstract

Abstract:In the present study, we report the first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the Painted Jezebel, Delias hyparete. The mitogenome of Delias hyparete is 15 186 bp in length, and has typical sets of 37 genes: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs and a non-coding A+T-rich region. All protein-coding genes are initiated by ATN codons, except for COI, which is tentatively designated by the CGA codon, as observed in other butterfly species. A total of 10 PCGs harbored the complete termination codon TAA or TAG, while the COI, COII and ND5 genes ended at a single T residue. All 22 tRNA genes show typical clover structures, with the exception of the tRNA Ser(AGN) which lacks the dihydrouridine (DHU) stem and is instead replaced by a simple loop. Thirteen intergenic spacers totaling 153 bp, and 13 overlapping regions totaling 46 bp are scattered throughout the whole genome. The 377 bp long of D. hyparete A+T-rich region is not comprised of large repetitive sequences, but harbors several features characteristic of the lepidopteran insects, including the motif ATAGA followed by an 18 bp poly-T stretch, a microsatellite-like (AT) 5 element preceded by the ATTTA motif, an 10 bp polyA-like stretch (AAAAATAAAA) present immediately upstream tRNA Met .

The complete mitochondrial genome ofEurema hecabe(Lepidoptera: Pieridae: Coliadinae)

“…Its gene order and orientation are identical to those of other butterflies. All PCGs are initiated by a typical ATN codon, except for the CO1 gene, which uses unusual CGA(R) as start codon as observed in most of the other sequenced butterflies (Hao et al, , 2013bKim et al, 2010;Shi et al, 2012Shi et al, , 2013. The nucleotide compositions of the genome are significantly biased toward AT (80.7%), which is well within the range of other sequenced pierids, from 79.7% in Pieris rapae (Mao et al, 2010) , 2012).…”

“…The 315 bp AT-rich region is located between the rrnS gene and the tRNA lle -tRNA Gln -tRNA Met (IQM) gene cluster, with the AT content (95.9%) among all known pierid butterflies determined (Hong et al, 2009;Mao et al, 2010;Park et al, 2012;Shi et al, 2012), and contains several structures characteristic of lepidopterans, such as the ATAGA motif followed by a 19 bp poly-T stretch, two microsatellite-like (TAA) 5 and (AT) 6 elements, a 9 bp poly-A stretch presented immediately upstream of trnM gene. Additionally, two 8 bp TATATTAT repeated elements are detected in this region (Kim et al, 2010).…”

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

“…All tRNAs could be folded into the typical clover leaf secondary structure, whereas tRNA Ser (AGN) in both mitochondrial genomes lacked the dihydrouridine (DHU) loop. This feature has been shown in the majority of metazoan mitogenomes, including all those sequenced from butterflies (Kim, I. et al 2006;Hong, G. Y. et al 2009;Hu et al 2010;Kim, M. I. et al 2009;Xia et al 2011;Wang et al 2011;Kim, M. J. et al 2010Kim, M. J. et al , 2011aKim, M. J. et al , 2011bChen et al 2012;Shi et al 2012;Tian et al 2012 (Table 2).…”

The complete mitochondrial genomes of the Fenton′s wood white, Leptidea morsei, and the lemon emigrant, Catopsilia pomona

“…This feature has been shown in the majority of metazoan mitogenomes, including all those sequenced from butterflies ( Kim, I. et al 2006 ; Hong, G. Y. et al 2009 ; Hu et al 2010; Kim, M. I. et al 2009 ; Xia et al 2011; Wang et al 2011; Kim, M. J. et al 2010, 2011a, 2011b; Chen et al 2012; Shi et al 2012; Tian et al 2012 ). The anticodon for tRNA Ser (AGN) in mitogenomes of butterfly species was either TCT, GCT, or ACT, whereas only GCT was detected in all other sequenced mitogenomes of pierid species ( P. rapae, A. crataegi , D. hyparete , and A. melete ) ( Hong, G. Y. et al 2009 , Mao et al 2010 , Park et al 2012 , Shi et al 2012 ). The tRNA-like structure ( tRNA Leu [UUR]) was detected in the 16S rRNA gene of C. pomona , and a similar observation had been made in C. vasava ( Hao et al 2012 ).…”