Complete mutism after midbrain periaqueductal gray lesion

Esposito, Antonio; Demeurisse, Guy; Alberti, Barbara; Fabbro, Franco

doi:10.1097/00001756-199903170-00004

Cited by 94 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Finally, the PAG has a distinctive role in vocalizations, specifically call initiation (Jürgens, 2002). The PAG is active during speech in humans (Schulz et al, 2005), and lesions of the PAG can lead to mutism (Esposito et al, 1999).…”

Section: Periaqueductal Gray/central Gray (Pag/cg) Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vertebrate mesolimbic reward system and social behavior network: A comparative synthesis

O’Connell

Hofmann

2011

J of Comparative Neurology

870

879

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All animals evaluate the salience of external stimuli and integrate them with internal physiological information into adaptive behavior. Natural and sexual selection impinge on these processes, yet our understanding of behavioral decision-making mechanisms and their evolution is still very limited. Insights from mammals indicate that two neural circuits are of crucial importance in this context: the social behavior network and the mesolimbic reward system. Here we review evidence from neurochemical, tract-tracing, developmental, and functional lesion/stimulation studies that delineates homology relationships for most of the nodes of these two circuits across the five major vertebrate lineages: mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and teleost fish. We provide for the first time a comprehensive comparative analysis of the two neural circuits and conclude that they were already present in early vertebrates. We also propose that these circuits form a larger social decision-making (SDM) network that regulates adaptive behavior. Our synthesis thus provides an important foundation for understanding the evolution of the neural mechanisms underlying reward processing and behavioral regulation. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:3599-3639, 2011. INDEXING TERMS: social behavior; comparative neuroanatomy; amphibian; reptile; bird; teleost; reward system; social behavior network; limbic system; neural circuitsThroughout their lives, all animals constantly face situations that provide either challenges (e.g., aggression, predation) or opportunities (e.g., reproduction, foraging, habitat selection) (for a detailed review, see O'Connell and Hofmann, 2011). In all cases, environmental cues are processed by sensory systems into a meaningful biological signal while internal physiological cues (e.g., condition, maturity) and prior experience are integrated at the same time. This process usually results in behavioral actions that are adaptive, i.e., beneficial to the animal. To accomplish this, an animal's nervous system must evaluate the salience of a stimulus and elicit a context-appropriate behavioral response. Despite tremendous progress in understanding the ecology and evolution of social behavior (Lorenz, 1952;Tinbergen, 1963;Lehrman, 1965;von Frisch, 1967;Krebs and Davies, 1993;Stephens, 2008), it is less understood where in the brain these decisions (e.g., about mate choice or territory defense) are made and how these brain circuits have arisen over the course of vertebrate evolution.Recent research has begun to decipher the neural basis of social decision-making. In mammals in particular, the neural circuits that evaluate stimulus salience and/or regulate social behavior have been uncovered to some degree: the mesolimbic reward system and social behavior network (Fig. 1). It is becoming increasingly clear that the reward system (including but not limited to the midbrain dopaminergic system) is the neural circuit where the salience of an external stimulus is evaluated (Deco and Rolls, 2005;Wickens et al., 2007), as appetitive beh...

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Section: Periaqueductal Gray/central Gray (Pag/cg) Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vertebrate mesolimbic reward system and social behavior network: A comparative synthesis

O’Connell

Hofmann

2011

J of Comparative Neurology

870

879

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“…Stimulation of this region produces vocalisation (Jürgens and Ploog, 1970;Suga et al, 1973;Waldbillig, 1975;Yajima et al, 1980;Lu and Jürgens, 1993), whilst its lesion produces mutism (Adametz and O'Leary, 1959;Jürgens and Pratt, 1979;Esposito et al, 1999). Anatomical observations in the cat showed that neurons in the latero-caudal periaqueductal grey project bilaterally to the nucleus retroambiguus in the caudal medulla oblongata, which in turn projects to motor neurons innervating structures involved in vocalisation e e.g.…”

Section: Periaqueductal Greymentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcortical processing in auditory communication

2015

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a b s t r a c tThe voice is a rich source of information, which the human brain has evolved to decode and interpret. Empirical observations have shown that the human auditory system is especially sensitive to the human voice, and that activity within the voice-sensitive regions of the primary and secondary auditory cortex is modulated by the emotional quality of the vocal signal, and may therefore subserve, with frontal regions, the cognitive ability to correctly identify the speaker's affective state. So far, the network involved in the processing of vocal affect has been mainly characterised at the cortical level. However, anatomical and functional evidence suggests that acoustic information relevant to the affective quality of the auditory signal might be processed prior to the auditory cortex.Here we review the animal and human literature on the main subcortical structures along the auditory pathway, and propose a model whereby the distinction between different types of vocal affect in auditory communication begins at very early stages of auditory processing, and relies on the analysis of individual acoustic features of the sound signal. We further suggest that this early feature-based decoding occurs at a subcortical level along the ascending auditory pathway, and provides a preliminary coarse (but fast) characterisation of the affective quality of the auditory signal before the more refined (but slower) cortical processing is completed.

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“…Lesions to the face motor cortex in chimpanzees and other non-human primates do not affect their ability to produce vocalizations (Kuypers 1958b;Jurgens et al 1982;Kirzinger and Jurgens 1982). Lesions to avian nXIIts and DM and mammalian Am and PAG result in muteness in both vocal learners and non-learners (Brown 1965;Nottebohm et al 1976;Seller 1981;Jurgens 1994Jurgens , 1998Esposito et al 1999). …”

Section: Functions Of Vocal Brain Areas In Birds and Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural systems for vocal learning in birds and humans: a synopsis

Jarvis

2007

J Ornithol

101

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I present here a synopsis on a hypothesis that I derived on the similarities and differences of vocal learning systems in vocal learning birds for learned song and in humans for spoken language. This hypothesis states that vocal learning birds-songbirds, parrots, and hummingbirds-and humans have comparable specialized forebrain regions that are not found in their close vocal non-learning relatives. In vocal learning birds, these forebrain regions appear to be divided into two sub-pathways, a vocal motor pathway mainly used to produce learned vocalizations and a pallial-basal-gangliathalamic loop mainly used to learn and modify the vocalizations. I propose that humans have analogous forebrain pathways within and adjacent to the motor and pre-motor cortices, respectively, used to produce and learn speech. Recent advances have supported the existence of the seven cerebral vocal nuclei in the vocal learning birds and the proposed brain regions in humans. The results in birds suggest that the reason why the forebrain regions are similar across distantly related vocal learners is that the vocal pathways may have evolved out of a pre-existing motor pathway that predates the ancient split from the common ancestor of birds and mammals. Although this hypothesis will require the development of novel technologies to be fully tested, the existing evidence suggest that there are strong genetic constraints on how vocal learning neural systems can evolve.

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Complete mutism after midbrain periaqueductal gray lesion

Cited by 94 publications

References 8 publications

The Vertebrate mesolimbic reward system and social behavior network: A comparative synthesis

The Vertebrate mesolimbic reward system and social behavior network: A comparative synthesis

Subcortical processing in auditory communication

Neural systems for vocal learning in birds and humans: a synopsis

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