Complete nucleotide sequence of a new strain of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 in South Africa

Bester, Rachelle; Maree, Hans J.; Burger, Johan T.

doi:10.1007/s00705-012-1333-8

Cited by 34 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Gouveia and Nolasco (2012) found differences among GLRaV-3 variants in the suppressing activity of the p19.7 silencing suppressor, suggesting that variants may differ in their ability to overcome host plant defenses. The two variants tested in this study share <70% nucleotide sequence similarity, and their predicted protein amino acid sequences are >10% different from each other (Bester et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Interactions Within Susceptible Hosts Drive Establishment of Genetically Distinct Variants of an Insect-Borne Pathogen

et al. 2015

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Coinfections are common, leading to pathogen interactions during transmission and establishment in a host. However, few studies have tested the relative strengths of pathogen interactions in vectors and hosts that determine the outcome of infection. We tested interactions between two genetically distinct variants of the mealybug-transmitted Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3. The transmission efficiency of each variant in single variant inoculations by two vector species was determined. The effects of vector species, a coinfected source, and simultaneous inoculation from multiple hosts to one host on variant establishment were examined. Within-vector interactions could have a role in transmission from hosts containing mixed infections, but not when vectors were moved from separate singly infected source plants to a single recipient plant. The invasive Planococcus ficus (Signoret) was a more efficient vector than Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret). Transmission efficiency of the two variants did not differ in single variant inoculations. Overall infections were the same whether from singly or coinfected source plants. In mixed inoculations, establishment of one variant was reduced. Mixed inoculations from two singly infected source plants resulted in fewer mixed infections than expected by chance. Therefore, the observed outcome was determined subsequent to host inoculation rather than in the vector. The outcome may be due to resource competition between pathogens. Alternatively apparent competition may be responsible; the pathogens' differential ability to overcome host defenses and colonize the host may determine the final outcome of new infections. Detailed knowledge of interactions between pathogens during transmission and establishment could improve understanding and management of disease spread.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Interactions Within Susceptible Hosts Drive Establishment of Genetically Distinct Variants of an Insect-Borne Pathogen

et al. 2015

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“…GLRaV genomes range from 13,626 nucleotides (nt) encoding six open reading frames (ORFs) in GLRaV-4 strain Car (1) to 18,671 nt with 12 ORFs in GLRaV-3 (21). Compared with other monopartite members of the family Closteroviridae, some genome characteristics are distinct and seemingly unique to the GLRaVs.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Grapevine Leafroll Disease and Associated Viruses: A Unique Pathosystem

Naidu

Maree

Burger

2015

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

107

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Grapevine leafroll is the most complex and intriguing viral disease of grapevine (Vitis spp.). Several monopartite closteroviruses (family Closteroviridae) from grapevines have been molecularly characterized, yet their role in disease etiology is not completely resolved. Hence, these viruses are currently designated under the umbrella term of Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs). This review examines our current understanding of the genetically divergent GLRaVs and highlights the emerging picture of several unique aspects of the leafroll disease pathosystem. A systems biology approach using contemporary technologies in molecular biology, -omics, and cell biology aids in exploring the comparative molecular biology of GLRaVs and deciphering the complex network of host-virus-vector interactions to bridge the gap between genomics and phenomics of leafroll disease. In addition, grapevine-infecting closteroviruses have a great potential as designer viruses to pursue functional genomics and for the rational design of novel disease intervention strategies in this agriculturally important perennial fruit crop.

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“…Studies on genetic diversity of GLRaV-1, -2, and -3 have indicated the presence of genetically diverse but closely related variants in several grapevine-growing regions (3,20,30,70,84,146,160). In the case of GLRaV-3, the presence of seven possible variant groups has been reported in different cultivars and vineyards worldwide based on phylogenetic analysis of full-length CP gene sequences (105).…”

Section: Taxonomy Genome Organization and Diversity Of Glravsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grapevine Leafroll: A Complex Viral Disease Affecting a High-Value Fruit Crop

et al. 2014

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Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is one of the most widely grown fruit crops in the world. It is a deciduous woody perennial vine for which the cultivation of domesticated species began approximately 6,000 to 8,000 years ago in the Near East. Grapevines are broadly classified into red- and white-berried cultivars based on their fruit skin color, although yellow, pink, crimson, dark blue, and black-berried cultivars also exist. Grapevines can be subject to attacks by many different pests and pathogens, including graft-transmissible agents such as viruses, viroids, and phytoplasmas. Among the virus and virus-like diseases, grapevine leafroll disease (GLD) is by far the most widespread and economically damaging viral disease of grapevines in many regions around the world. The global expansion of the grape and wine industry has seen a parallel increase in the incidence and economic impact of GLD. Despite the fact that GLD was recognized as a potential threat to grape production for several decades, our knowledge of the nature of the disease is still quite limited due to a variety of challenges related to the complexity of this virus disease, the association of several distinct GLD-associated viruses, and contrasting symptoms in red- and white-berried cultivars. In view of the growing significance of GLD to wine grape production worldwide, this feature article provides an overview of the state of knowledge on the biology and epidemiology of the disease and describes management strategies currently deployed in vineyards.

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Complete nucleotide sequence of a new strain of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 in South Africa

Cited by 34 publications

References 14 publications

Interactions Within Susceptible Hosts Drive Establishment of Genetically Distinct Variants of an Insect-Borne Pathogen

Interactions Within Susceptible Hosts Drive Establishment of Genetically Distinct Variants of an Insect-Borne Pathogen

Grapevine Leafroll Disease and Associated Viruses: A Unique Pathosystem

Grapevine Leafroll: A Complex Viral Disease Affecting a High-Value Fruit Crop

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