Complete plastome phylogeny and an update on cox1 intron evolution of Hyoscyameae (Solanaceae)

Abstract

Within the family Solanaceae, the tribe Hyoscyameae comprises eight genera distributed across Eurasia. Despite a few attempts to understand the relationships within this tribe, the affiliations among most genera remain unresolved. Recently, complete chloroplast genomes from several species of Hyoscyameae were published, enabling phylogenomic inferences. We sequenced the plastome of Scopolia carniolica, the second species of the genus to be reported. Genomic comparisons across the tribe revealed identical gene content and small differences in genome length. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that Atropa is an early-diverging lineage sister to the rest of the tribe, resolved as two clades. One includes well-supported relationships between Przewalskia, Physochlaina, and Scopolia, and these three genera are sister to Atropanthe. This clade is sister to a second clade composed of Hyoscyamus and Anisodus. The strongly supported phylogenetic affiliations of Atropanthe, Anisodus, and Hyoscyamus represent the major advancements as previous studies were not able to resolve these relationships. Interestingly, the genus Scopolia is paraphyletic in respect to Physochlaina, based on ITS2 sequences. Finally, the evolution of the mitochondrial cox1 intron is reinterpreted. Two independent horizontal acquisitions are inferred, one in the ancestor of Przewalskia, Physochlaina, and S. japonica and another in Hyoscyamus, with no intron losses.

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of the rare medicinal plant: Mandragora caulescens (Solanaceae)

“… 2019 ), Przewalskia tangutica KY352315 (Zhang and Chi 2019 ), Scopolia carniolica MT937171 (Gandini et al. 2021 ), Solanum nigrum (MW285079), Tubocapsicum anomalum MW829600 (Wang et al. 2021 ), and Withania frutescens ON153173 (Ramadan et al.…”

Causes of DNA Damage and Genomic Instability: A Review

“…In E. coli, when attempting to transcribe GAA triplets such as those found in Friedrich's ataxia, the resulting RNA and template strand can form mismatched loops between different repeats (Gandini et al, 2019), leading the complementary segment in the coding-strand available to form its own loops which impede replication. Furthermore, replication of DNA and transcription of DNA are not temporally independent (Gandini et al, 2021); they can occur at the same time and lead to collisions between the replication fork and RNA polymerase complex. In S. cerevisiae, Rrm3 helicase is found at highly transcribed genes in the yeast genome, which is recruited to stabilize a stalling replication fork as described above.…”