Complete remission of chemo‐refractory multiple‐metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma by autologous formalin‐fixed tumor vaccine

Abstract

Key Clinical MessageA patient with chemo‐refractory multiple‐metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated by monotherapy with autologous formalin‐fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV) resulted in complete remission of the lung and para‐aortic lymph node metastases (ongoing >3 years after AFTV). The tumor was immunohistologically negative for PD‐L1. AFTV will be an attractive treatment option.

Successful monotherapy with autologous formalin‐fixed tumor vaccine for a Stage IV uterine cancer patient who rejected rational chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment

“…To the best of our knowledge, with the exception of AFTV injections, monotherapy of Stage IV carcinoma with cancer vaccines has yielded poor results. AFTV made from resected formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded autologous tumor tissue has been effective in glioblastoma, [1][2][3][4] bone-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, 5,6 upper tract urothelial carcinoma, 7 advanced hepatocyte carcinoma, 8,9 malignant histiocytoma, 10 peritoneal serous carcinomas recurrent after chemotherapy, 11 gallbladder cancer, 12 advanced colon cancer, 12 and uterine cervical small cell carcinoma. 13 Almost all of these tumors at advanced stages are known to be refractory to standard chemotherapy and immune-checkpoint inhibitors.…”

Rate of Clinical Complete Response for 1 Year or More in Bone-Metastatic Breast Cancer after Comprehensive Treatments including Autologous Formalin-Fixed Tumor Vaccine

“…It has been used to treat patients with chemorefractory tumors since 2002 [ 6 ]. The efficacy of AFTV has been reported in a randomized clinical study on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [ 7 ], a pilot study and two subsequent phase I/IIa studies on glioblastoma multiforme [ 8 – 10 ], and case reports on advanced glioblastoma [ 11 ], malignant fibrous histiocytoma [ 12 ], recurrent HCC [ 13 ], recurrent peritoneal serous carcinoma [ 14 ], uterine cervical small cell carcinoma [ 15 ], upper tract urothelial carcinoma [ 16 ], and gall bladder cancer and colon cancer [ 17 ]. AFTV has been shown to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific to glypican-3, the protein frequently expressed in HCC [ 18 ].…”