Complete sequences of epidermin and nukacin encoding plasmids from oral-derived Staphylococcus epidermidis and their antibacterial activity

Abstract

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a commensal bacterium in humans. To persist in the bacterial flora of the host, some bacteria produce antibacterial factors such as the antimicrobial peptides known as bacteriocins. In this study, we tried to isolate bacteriocin-producing S. epidermidis strains. Among 150 S. epidermidis isolates from the oral cavities of 287 volunteers, we detected two bacteriocin-producing strains, KSE56 and KSE650. Complete genome sequences of the two strains confirmed that they carried the epidermin-harboring plasmid pEpi56 and the nukacin IVK45-like-harboring plasmid pNuk650. The amino acid sequence of epidermin from KSE56 was identical to the previously reported sequence, but the epidermin synthesis-related genes were partially different. The prepeptide amino acid sequences of nukacin KSE650 and nukacin IVK45 showed one mismatch, but both mature peptides were entirely similar. pNuk650 was larger and had an additional seven ORFs compared to pIVK45. We then investigated the antibacterial activity of the two strains against several skin and oral bacteria and found their different activity patterns. In conclusion, we report the complete sequences of 2 plasmids coding for bacteriocins from S. epidermidis, which were partially different from those previously reported. Furthermore, this is the first report to show the complete sequence of an epidermin-carrying plasmid, pEpi56.

Genomic analysis of inter-hospital transmission of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium sequence type 80 isolated during an outbreak in Hiroshima, Japan

“…Genome sequencing was performed as previously described, with some modifications ( 29 , 30 ). Briefly, bacterial cells were grown in TSB for 16 h at 37°C and harvested at 13,000 × g for 2 min.…”

Different CprABC amino acid sequences affect nisin A susceptibility in Clostridioides difficile isolates

“…All fresh media were kept under anaerobic conditions for at least 5 hours. Lactococcus lactis (ATCC11454 [25], QU5 [29]), Staphylococcus epidermidis (KSE56, KSE650 [30]), Streptococcus mutans (KSM2, KSM13, KSM157, KSM170 [31]) and Enterococcus mundtii QU2 [32], were grown aerobically in trypticase soy broth (TSB) at 37 ˚C with (Streptococcus, L. lactis and Enterococcus) or without (S. epidermidis) 5% CO 2 .…”

Efficiency of Antimicrobial Peptides Against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcal Pathogens

“…In another study, epidermin showed antibacterial activity against 81.3% of tested S. aureus involved in human infections, including MRSA endemic clones in Brazil ( Nascimento et al, 2006 ). Epidermin also exhibited antibacterial effects against S. haemolyticus , S. capitis , S. simulans , S. saprophyticus , S. hominis , and S. epidermidis , although no activity was observed against some tested S. aureus ( Nakazono et al, 2022 ).…”

“…Nukacin ISK-1 showed a bacteriostatic effect against Bacillus subtilis by stopping cell growth without pore formation ( Asaduzzaman et al, 2009 ) while exhibiting bactericidal activity against Micrococcus luteus and S. simulans via pore formation and cell lysis ( Roy et al, 2014 ). Several variants of nukacin have been reported, including nukacin KQU-131 produced by S. hominis ( Wilaipun et al, 2008 ), nukacin 3299 produced by S. simulans ( Ceotto et al, 2010 ), and nukacin IVK45 and nukacin KSE650 produced by S. epidermidis ( Janek et al, 2016 ; Nakazono et al, 2022 ). Nukacin ISK-1 exerted a bacteriostatic effect against MRSA planktonic cells; however, activity against biofilm cells was not observed ( Okuda et al, 2013 ).…”

“…Nukacin 3299 exhibited antibacterial activity against 66.7% (18/27) of S. aureus strains involved in bovine mastitis ( Ceotto et al, 2010 ). Nukacin KSE650 showed antibacterial activity against S. haemolyticus , S. capitis , S. simulans , S. saprophyticus , S. hominis , and S. epidermidis , although no activity was observed against some tested S. aureus, while Nukacin ISK-1 showed an antibacterial effect against S. aureus ( Nakazono et al, 2022 ). The difference of four amino acid residues between Nukacin ISK1 and Nukacin KSE650 mature peptide caused different susceptibility against S. aureus strains.…”