Chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD) is a progressive, irreversible and debilitating disease causing lung hyperinflation. Apart from smoking cessation and conventional medical treatment, lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) has been used for several years but it involves a major thoracic surgery with high incidence of postoperative complications. In the past decade, different approaches of minimally invasive endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) have been developed which differ in indication, mechanism of action, reversibility and are divided into two groups: blocking and non-blocking devices. Summarizing, in comparison to LVRS, ELVR using valves is a less invasive alternative with the opportunity to improve shortness of breath, exercise capacity, and quality of life in the patients, who have reached the end of their conventional treatment options.