Completeness and accuracy of morning reports after a recall cue: Comparison of dream and film reports

Montangero, Jacques; Ivanyi, Corinne Tihon; Saint-Hilaire, Zara de

doi:10.1016/s1053-8100(02)00029-6

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Differences between REM reports and reports of other stages of sleep may disappear when length is taken into consideration (Antrobus, 1983;Foulkes & Schmidt, 1983). In my opinion, the length should be assessed not by the total word count, but by counting the temporal units or the number of pieces of information, as in Montangero et al, 2003. In spite of these reservations, Nielsen and colleagues' research was a valuable contribution to the study of dreams as narratives. It was a pioneering work which introduced the use of models of story grammar to analyze the narrative aspect of dreams.…”

Section: Dream Reports Comprise Episodes In the Definition Of Stein A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dreams are narrative simulations of autobiographical episodes, not stories or scripts: A review.

Montangero¹

2012

Dreaming

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Section: Dream Reports Comprise Episodes In the Definition Of Stein A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dreams are narrative simulations of autobiographical episodes, not stories or scripts: A review.

Montangero¹

2012

Dreaming

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“…unrelated words, associated word pairs, pictures, foreign language vocabulary, or nonsense syllables (e.g., Belmore, 1981;Kelley & Nairne, 2003;Mulligan, 2001;. It arose with prose passages (Otani & Griffith, 1998;Wheeler & Roediger, 1985) and films (Montangero et al, 2003), and was demonstrated in studies on eyewitness memory (Dunning & Stern, 1992) and autobiographical memory (Bluck et al, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Hypermnesia and the Role of Delay between Study and Test

Wallner

Bäuml

2018

Mem Cogn

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Hypermnesia is increased recall across repeated tests in the absence of any further study opportunities. Although over the years many factors have been identified that influence hypermnesia, to date not much is known about the role of delay between study and test for the effect. This study addressed the issue in four experiments. Employing both words and pictures as study material, we compared hypermnesia after shorter delay (3 min or 11.5 min) and longer delay (24 h or 1 week) between study and test. Recall occurred over three successive tests, using both free recall (Experiments 1, 2, and 4) and forced recall testing (Experiment 3). In forced recall tests, subjects are instructed to recall as many items as possible, but if unable to remember all studied items, to fill in the remaining spaces with their best guesses. With free recall testing, hypermnesia increased with delay and the effect was driven mainly by reduced item losses between tests. These results suggest a link between hypermnesia and the testing effect, which shows that demanding retrieval practice, as it happens after longer delay, can improve recall by reducing the forgetting of the practiced items. In contrast, with forced recall testing, hypermnesia decreased with delay and was even absent after longer delay. The findings indicate that recall format can influence hypermnesia and different mechanisms may mediate the effects of repeated testing in the two recall conditions.

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“…Indeed, psycholinguistic studies have shown that the characteristics of story‐like organization (in particular, the number of episodes and their relationships; Habermas and Diel, ) of a text processed during waking influences its delayed recall (Kintsch et al ., ; Yussen et al ., ). Moreover, studies comparing immediate (after night awakening) and delayed reports (the next morning) of REM dreams (Cipolli and Poli, ) and REM dreams and short films (Montangero et al ., ) have shown that also during sleep the greater the story‐like complexity of a text, the more accurate its encoding in memory and the subsequent recall of its structural characteristics (which, unlike the details, remain stable across reports). Consistently with this explanation, the shorter length of dream‐stories developed during 10 min of the 2nd cycle of REM sleep compared with those developed during 10 min of the 4th cycle could be attributed to a lower consolidation in memory during sleep because of a poorer story‐like organization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐of‐night variations in the story‐like organization of dream experience developed during rapid eye movement sleep

Cipolli

Guazzelli

Bellucci

et al. 2014

Journal of Sleep Research

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Summary This study aimed to investigate the cycles (2nd/4th) and duration‐related (5/10 min) variations in the story‐like organization of dream experience elaborated during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Dream reports were analysed using story grammar rules. Reports were provided by those subjects (14 of 22) capable of reporting a dream after each of the four awakenings provoked in 2 consecutive nights during REM sleep of the 2nd and 4th cycles, after periods of either 5 or 10 min, counterbalanced across the nights. Two researchers who were blind as to the sleep condition scored the dream reports independently. The values of the indicators of report length (measured as value of total word count) and of story‐like organization of dream reports were matched taking time‐of‐night (2nd and 4th cycles) and REM duration (5 versus 10 min) as factors. Two‐way analyses of variance showed that report length increased significantly in 4th‐cycle REM sleep and nearly significantly for longer REM duration, whereas the number of dream‐stories per report did not vary. The indices of sequential (number of statements describing the event structure developed in the story) and hierarchical (number of episodes per story) organization increased significantly only in dream‐stories reported after 10 min of 4th‐cycle REM sleep. These findings indicate that the characteristics of structural organization of dream‐stories vary along with time of night, and suggest that the elaboration of a long and complex dream‐story requires a fairly long time and the availability of a great amount of cognitive resources to maintain its continuity and coherence.

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Completeness and accuracy of morning reports after a recall cue: Comparison of dream and film reports

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Dreams are narrative simulations of autobiographical episodes, not stories or scripts: A review.

Dreams are narrative simulations of autobiographical episodes, not stories or scripts: A review.

Hypermnesia and the Role of Delay between Study and Test

Time‐of‐night variations in the story‐like organization of dream experience developed during rapid eye movement sleep

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