Completion of mouse embryogenesis requires both the maternal and paternal genomes

McGrath, James; Solter, Davor

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90313-1

Cited by 1,431 publications

(702 citation statements)

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“…The most dramatic example of this is diploid, uniparental embryos. Gynogenetic embryos (two maternal/no paternal genomes) and androgenetic embryos (two paternal/no maternal genomes) both exhibit defects in the earliest differentiated tissue in mammals, the extraembryonic trophoblast (Barton et al, 1984;McGrath and Solter, 1984;Mann, 2005). At mid-gestation, gynogenetic embryos possess only a few residual trophoblast giant cells while androgenetic embryos are characterized by a mass of hypertrophic trophoblast.…”

Section: Results and Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PcG gene Sfmbt2 is paternally expressed in extraembryonic tissues

Kuzmin

Han

Golding

et al. 2008

Gene Expression Patterns

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Genomic imprinting has dramatic effects on placental development, as has been clearly observed in interspecific hybrid, somatic cell nuclear transfer, and uniparental embryos. In fact, the earliest defects in uniparental embryos are evident first in the extraembryonic trophoblast. We performed a microarray comparison of gynogenetic and androgenetic mouse blastocysts, which are predisposed to placental pathologies, to identify imprinted genes. In addition to identifying a large number of known imprinted genes, we discovered that the Polycomb group (PcG) gene Sfmbt2 is imprinted. Sfmbt2 is expressed preferentially from the paternal allele in early embryos, and in later stage extraembryonic tissues. A CpG island spanning the transcriptional start site is differentially methylated on the maternal allele in e14.5 placenta. Sfmbt2 is located on proximal chromosome 2, in a region known to be imprinted, but for which no genes had been identified until now. This possibly identifies a new imprinted domain within the murine genome. We further demonstrate that murine SFMBT2 protein interacts with the transcription factor YY1, similar to the Drosophila PHO-RC. KeywordsGenomic Imprinting; Sfmbt2; PcG gene; Extraembryonic tissues; placenta; MMU2; YY1; microarrays; uniparental embryos Results and DiscusssionThe role played by imprinted genes in placental development is gaining wider attention as the impact of imprinting disruptions on placental pathology is explored. Both hyper-and hypoplastic placentation are linked to imprinted gene function (Kanayama et al., 2002;Murdoch et al., 2006; reviewed in Kaneko-Ishino et al., 2003). The most dramatic example of this is diploid, uniparental embryos. Gynogenetic embryos (two maternal/no paternal genomes) and androgenetic embryos (two paternal/no maternal genomes) both exhibit defects in the earliest differentiated tissue in mammals, the extraembryonic trophoblast (Barton et al., 1984;McGrath and Solter, 1984;Mann, 2005). At mid-gestation, gynogenetic embryos possess only a few residual trophoblast giant cells while androgenetic embryos are characterized by a mass of hypertrophic trophoblast. These observations indicate that a suite of genes required * Corresponding author. s.varmuza@utoronto.ca; tel. 1-416-978-2759; FAX 1-416-978-8532. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptGene Expr Patterns. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 January 1. Published in final edited form as:Gene Expr Patterns. 2008 January ; 8(2): 107-116. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manu...

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Section: Results and Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PcG gene Sfmbt2 is paternally expressed in extraembryonic tissues

Kuzmin

Han

Golding

et al. 2008

Gene Expression Patterns

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“…This is because the maternal genome is epigenetically modified in the germ line to contain only the maternal 'imprints' , which will normally result in the repression of certain maternally inherited imprinted genes. A paternal genome is essential to 'rescue' the oocyte, as the maternal genes are imprinted reciprocally to paternal imprints 14,15 . So both parental genomes are needed for normal development -the paternal genome is relatively more important for development of the extraembryonic tissues, such as the trophectoderm, whereas the maternal genome apparently has a greater influence on development of the embryo proper.…”

Section: Epigenetic Asymmetry Between Parental Genomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reprogramming of genome function through epigenetic inheritance

Surani

2001

Nature

412

296

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Most cells contain the same set of genes and yet they are extremely diverse in appearance and functions. It is the selective expression and repression of genes that determines the specific properties of individual cells. Nevertheless, even when fully differentiated, any cell can potentially be reprogrammed back to totipotency, which in turn results in re-differentiation of the full repertoire of adult cells from a single original cell of any kind. Mechanisms that regulate this exceptional genomic plasticity and the state of totipotency are being unravelled, and will enhance our ability to manipulate stem cells for therapeutic purposes.

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“…In the early nineteen-eighties it became clear that the parental genomes in mammals were 30" functionally non-equivalent (McGrath and Solter, 1984;Surani et al, 1984), a phenomenon 31" termed 'genomic imprinting'. A subset of autosomal genes is expressed not in accordance 32"…”

Section: "mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic imprinting and mammalian reproduction

Swaney

2011

Hormones and Behavior

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Completion of mouse embryogenesis requires both the maternal and paternal genomes

Cited by 1,431 publications

References 11 publications

The PcG gene Sfmbt2 is paternally expressed in extraembryonic tissues

The PcG gene Sfmbt2 is paternally expressed in extraembryonic tissues

Reprogramming of genome function through epigenetic inheritance

Genomic imprinting and mammalian reproduction

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