Complex chromosome homologies between the rhesus monkey (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>) and man

Abstract

The chromosome localization and gene synteny of soluble malate dehydrogenase (MDH1), soluble isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1), mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2), phosphoglucomutase-3 (PGM3), mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (MDH2), (3-glucuronidase (GUSB ), nucleoside phosphorylase (NP), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), hexosaminidase A (HEXA), inosine triphosphatase (ITPA), and N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminidase (NAGA) were determined in the rhesus monkey using somatic cell hybrids. Comparison with the human and Pongidae syntenic groups shows that chromosome banding homologies do not always correlate with gene mapping data.

Confirmed assignments of 15 structural gene loci to chromosomes of four owl monkey karyotypes

“…This wide spread synteny of NP and PKM2 in these distantly related species and the asyntenic assignment of these gene loci to two acrocentrics in the human comple ment tend to support the previous proposal of a more recent formation of HSA 14 and HSA 15 from a fission event in a biarmed ancestral form (Ma, 1983b). This is in contrast to the hypothesis proposed by Estop et al (1983). namely, that HSA 14 and HSA 15 were the ancestral forms from which the large sub telocentric MML 7 derived through a centric fusion and a pericentric inversion.…”

“…Judging from the similarity of the gene map of MDH2 in man-and Aotus. it is reasonable to accept the ex planation proposed by Estop et al (1983) that the unusual synteny of MDH2-SOD2-PGM3 in the rhesus monkey is the result of a rearrangement that occurred only in the cercopithecoid monkey chro mosome.…”

“…However, as in the owl monkey. /VP and PKM2 have been mapped syntenically to a large sub telocentric chromosome, MML 7, of the Old World rhesus monkey (Estop et al, 1983) and PPA 7 of the baboon. Papio papio (Creau-Goldberg et al, 1982).…”

Baboon/human homologies examined by spectral karyotyping (SKY): a visual comparison

“…However, there are several genes that have been mapped using somatic cell hybridization techniques which are inconsistent with the banding patterns and SKY results. These gene assignments should be explored for confirmation or reinterpretation of results including genes mapped to rhesus chromosomes 2 (HLA, PGM3, and SOD2) (Estop et al, 1983) and 6 (PGM2) (Estop et al, 1978;Pearson et al, 1979) and Papio chromosome 20 (GPI and PEPD) (Thiessen and Lalley, 1987) which are inconsistent with the data from other sources. With these few exceptions, these results again point to the virtual identity of the karyotypes in these three cercopithecid species.…”

Gene assignments and syntenic groups in the sacred baboon <i>(Papio hamadryas)</i>

“…This is the case for most of the genes studied in these species to date (Table III; chromosome nomenclature is dif ferent in Papio and Macaca-different numbers for the chromosome assignments do not necessarily mean dissimilar chromosomes), although a few difficulties have been noted. MDH2 (PHA 3) is clearly not syn tenic with SOD2 (PHA 4) in P. hamadryas, as is also the case in P. papio (Thiessen and Lalley, 1986), but contrary to the assignments of these genes to the same chromosome in M. mulatto (Estop et al" 1983). GPI (PHA 20) has been assigned to MML 19 , which is homologous in banding pattern to Papio chromosome 19.…”