2013
DOI: 10.1111/jocs.12032
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Complex Ebstein's Malformation: Defining Preoperative Cardiac Anatomy and Function

Abstract: Although imaging methods to investigate Ebstein's malformation have continuously evolved, standardization of assessment protocols by 3D echocardiographic imaging, speckle tracking imaging, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is required.

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Cited by 25 publications
(23 citation statements)
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References 102 publications
(124 reference statements)
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“…Three-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation with an en face view, multi-slice or flexi-slice rotational views, or tri-plane with or without color Doppler images increased our understanding of the malformed tricuspid valve (Fig. 3) [28,29] and provided additional information on the morphology and function of tricuspid valves, right ventricular outflow tracts (RVOTs), and pulmonic valves, as well as superior RV volumetric information [30]. …”
Section: Common Adult Congenital Heart Diseasementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Three-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation with an en face view, multi-slice or flexi-slice rotational views, or tri-plane with or without color Doppler images increased our understanding of the malformed tricuspid valve (Fig. 3) [28,29] and provided additional information on the morphology and function of tricuspid valves, right ventricular outflow tracts (RVOTs), and pulmonic valves, as well as superior RV volumetric information [30]. …”
Section: Common Adult Congenital Heart Diseasementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Primary TR is caused by a variety of anatomic abnormalities that can be better visualized by 3D echocardiography than by 2D echo, including the apically located leaflet in Epstein disease, or the thickened and restricted leaflet in carcinoid syndrome. [148][149][150][151][152][153][154] One important finding with 3D echocardiography is pacer-/ device-related lead-derived TR. Multiple publications have reported the usefulness of 3D echocardiography for detecting the location of the lead and its association with significant TR.…”
Section: Aortic Valvementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Primary TR is caused by a variety of anatomical abnormalities that can be better visualized using 3D than 2D echocardiography, including an apically located leaflet in Epstein disease, or a thickened and restricted leaflet in carcinoid syndrome [120,121,122,123,124,125,126]. One important finding with 3D echocardiography is lead-derived TR related to a pacer/device.…”
Section: Tricuspid Valve Regurgitationmentioning
confidence: 99%