Complex effects of atmospheric parameters on acute cardiovascular diseases and major cardiovascular risk factors: data from the CardiometeorologySM study

Abstract

Several studies have examined the cardiovascular effects of atmospheric parameters as separate factors; however, few have investigated atmospheric parameters’ joint effects. We aim to explore the joint effects of atmospheric parameters on acute cardiovascular diseases (ACVDs) and on major cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs). We correlated all ACVD admissions with major CRFs and local atmospheric conditions during a 5-year study period. A seasonal variation was detected in a higher incidence rate during cold atmospheric conditions. There were significant incidence relative ratios, including: 1.140 (95% CI [1.020, 1.283]) for daily temperature change (≥5 °C); 0.991 (95% CI [0.988, 0.994]) for average daily temperature; and 1.290 (95% CI [1.090, 1.599]) for the interaction of daily temperature change (≥5 °C) with humidity change (≥40%). We observed a significant association between the atmospheric parameters’ joint effects and hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, and previous ACVDs. Patients with diabetes had the highest significant incidence relative ratio at 2.429 (95% CI [1.088, 5.424]) for humidity-temperature interactions. Thus, the atmospheric parameters’ joint effects play an important role as minor CRFs. These unfavourable atmospheric situations are predicted to increase the number of ACVDs mainly. Our study may help to organize prevention strategies more effectively and to reduce cardiovascular risks.

Assessing health risks caused by exposure to climatic factors for people living in the far north

“…According to data obtained by several relevant foreign studies, daily drops in atmospheric air pressure that equal 7.5 mm Hg can lead to acute cardiovascular diseases including acute myocardial infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage, hypertensive crises, acute cerebrovascular accidents, acute coronary diseases etc. [19][20][21]. Therefore, we established that atmospheric air pressure as a specific climatic factor produced certain effects on the cardiovascular system and it was advisable to link it to acute cardiovascular diseases as health outcomes (effects) occurring due to exposure to it.…”

“…The identified nosologies have been established to be more typical for adult population [19][20][21][22][23]; therefore, further calculations and identification of risk rates associated with exposure to atmospheric air pressure as an influencing climatic factor will be performed exclusively for adults living on the analyzed territory.…”

Socio environmental determinants of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization risk in arid and semi-arid regions – a case study for Gonabad city,Iran 2017-2022

“…The study carried out in Scotland showed that the mortality trend had a steeper increase at lower temperatures than at warmer temperatures [13]. In addition, another study reported lower numbers of CVDs hospitalizations during the warm season [14]. Moreover, different studies also reported that decreasing temperatures led to increasing vasopressin levels [15].…”

Assessing health risks caused by exposure to climatic factors for people living in the far north

“…в сутки, приводят к возникновению острых заболеваний сердечнососудистой системы, в том числе острого инфаркта миокарда, субарахноидального кровоизлияния, гипертонических кризов, острых нарушений мозгового кровообращения, острых заболеваний коронарных сосудов и др. [19][20][21]. Таким образом, для фактора атмосферного давления установлено, что в качестве эффектов, в рамках влияния на сердечнососудистую систему, целесообразно рассматривать возникновение острых заболеваний сердечнососудистой системы -эссенциальной (первичной) гипертензии (I10), гипертензивной болезни сердца (I11), стенокардии (грудной жабы) (I20), острого инфаркта миокарда (I21), субарахноидального кровоизлияния (I60), инсульта, не уточненного как кровоизлияние или инфаркт (I64).…”

“…Установлено, что выделенные нозологические формы в большей степени характерны для взрослого населения [19][20][21][22][23], поэтому дальнейший расчет и характеристика уровней риска, ассоциированных с влиянием фактора атмосферного давления, будет проведена для взрослого населения, проживающего на анализируемой территории.…”