Complex-induced coupling effect: adhesion of some polymers to copper metal promoted by benzimidazole

Xue, Gi; Shi, Gaoquan; Ding, Jun; Chang, Wei-Yi; Chen, Rongshi

doi:10.1163/156856190x00621

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…According to the literature, benzimidazole moieties can react with copper oxide to form copper imidazolate inner complexes that provide active sites for coordinating interfacial bonding. Furthermore, the PIs containing the ODA diamine can exhibit improved copper adhesion owing to their flexible structures [44,45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Rigid and Flexible Component Design for High-Performance Polyimide Films

Liang

Cao

et al. 2017

Polymers

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To develop the polyimide (PI) which is closely matched to the coefficient of the thermal expansion (CTE) of copper, a series of PIs are prepared from 5,4′-diamino-2-phenyl benzimidazole (DAPBI), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA), and 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) using a sequential copolymerization, blade coating, and thermal imidization process. The physical properties of the PIs are effectively regulated and optimized by adjusting the ratio of the rigid DAPBI and flexible ODA components. By increasing the DAPBI content, thermal stability, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties, the resultant polymer is enhanced. PI-80 exhibits an excellent comprehensive performance, a glass transition temperature of 370 °C, and a tensile strength of 210 MPa. Furthermore, the CTE as calculated in the range 50–250 °C is ca. 19 ppm/K, which is equal to that of copper. A highly dimensionally stable, curl-free, and high T-style peel strength (6.4 N/cm) of copper/PI laminate was obtained by casting the polyamic acid onto copper foil (13 μm) and thermally curing at 360 °C, which indicates that it has the potential to be applied as an electronic film for flexible displays and flexible printed circuit boards. A structural rationalization for these remarkable properties is also presented.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Rigid and Flexible Component Design for High-Performance Polyimide Films

Liang

Cao

et al. 2017

Polymers

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“…Burkstrand studied the characteristics of the interfaces between evaporated copper or other metals and various polymers with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and found that oxygen-containing polymers interact with metal oxides and form metal-oxygen-polymer complex at the interfaces, causing an increase in adhesion strength [7]. Park et al developed the copper surface treatment with aminobenzotriazole, which improved the water resistance in the copper/epoxy interface [8]. Few studies, however, have investigated the relationship between the adhesion and the surface state of the copper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The reduction of copper oxide thin films with hydrogen plasma generated by an atmospheric-pressure glow discharge

Sawada

Tamaru

Kogoma

et al. 1996

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The reduction of copper oxide thin films by a hydrogen plasma generated by an atmospheric-pressure glow (APG) discharge was investigated. The copper oxide films were prepared by heating the sputtered copper films to C in the air (heat-formed copper oxide) or by sputtering (sputtered copper oxide). Both films were composed of . The reduction occurs first on the surface, then the interface gradually shifts from the surface into the inner region and finally the whole layer is reduced to metallic copper. This process is approximately explained by assuming that the diffusion of the atomic hydrogen in the reduced layer is the rate-deyermining step. By transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observation, a layer of 3 - 5 nm thickness composed of many microcrystals was observed along the surface of the heat-formed copper oxide. After the APG hydrogen plasma treatment, the crystal layer disappeared and the crystalline lattice was re-arranged to form large crystal Cu grains.

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“…The mobility is substantially low compared to that of single crystals due to the formation of the lattice/ structural defects [54]. Otherwise, the two nitrogen atoms in benzimidazole are indistinguishable N-C and N=C; several authors attributed to two shoulders one of them to benzimidazole and other for benzimidazole anion which generated a copper compound immersed in ethanol solution [55]. Other authors study the interaction between montmorillonite and thiabendazole and benzimidazole and the high resolution N 1s spectra is decomposed in two components centred at 399 and 401 eV which have been attributed to non-protonated and protonated nitrogen [56,57].…”

Section: Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different coupling agents in the doping of graphite oxide with 3–3′ diaminobenzidine: textural, structural and electrical properties

Cervantes‐Cuevas

Jiménez-Hernández

Chávez-Esquivel

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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The doping reactions of graphite oxide (GO) with 3-3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) were studied using N, N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), cyanuric chloride (CC) and hexafluorophosphate (HATU) as coupling agents. The bifunctionality of the coupling agents aid to interact GO functional groups with amino groups of DAB without being part of the final product. The doped materials (d-GO) and GO were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction, FTIR/Raman spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron, high-resolution electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The GO-HATU material was more thermally stable than other graphitic material, with at 10% weight loss at 300°C, this thermal stability is related to a more difficult intramolecular physisorbed water removal process than the other d-GO materials. GO-CC and GO-HATU materials presented 8.2 and 8.0 Å of interlayer spacing, which was associated with a good oxidation-doping process. Besides, these two materials showed modifications in the vibrations by FTIR technique, corresponding to epoxy and hydroxyl groups of the GO being more susceptible to react with the amino groups. Moreover, I D /I G ratio calculated by Raman Spectroscopy presents the following trend 0.70, 0.94, 0.97 and 1.04 for GO, GO-CC, GO-DCC and GO-HATU, respectively, this increase is related with a major disorder during the doping process. XPS analysis shows C-N and N=C bands for high resolution of C 1s and N 1s, respectively, for d-GO materials. This possibly suggests the formation of benzimidazoles during the oxidation-doping process, this generates a similar -non-lattice and -lattice oxygen amount for O 1s related to crosslinking between the functional groups of GO and DAB which improve the electronic mobility between the surface and the bulk of the final graphitic material. Finally, the obtained d-GO materials were investigated as a working electrode for electrochemical capacitors and all of them showed typical capacitive behaviour. applications, including conductive polymer composites [2] supercapacitors [3], molecular, electrochemical, or biochemical sensors [4], antigen biosensors [5], lithium storage materials [6], amongst others.GO's diverse physicochemical properties are due to the synthesis method and the degree of oxidation generating disorganization of the structure. The oxidation exhibits lamellar structure with randomly distributed unoxidized aromatic regions (sp 2 -carbon atoms), six-membered aliphatic regions (sp 3 -carbon atoms), GO's interlayer spacing is about two times larger at ∼0.7 nm than that of graphite [7]. The space between layers results in different hydration capacities with intermolecular attraction type Van der Waals forces. The interlayer spacing caused by the oxidation process generates ortho-quinone, ketone, para-quinone, carboxyl, hydroxyl and epoxy functional groups, which are capable of facilitating a broad range of synthetic transformations. Popular synthesis methods are Brodie, Staudenmaier, Staudenmaier-Hofmann-Hamdi and Hummer, this last method being one of th...

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Complex-induced coupling effect: adhesion of some polymers to copper metal promoted by benzimidazole

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Mixed Rigid and Flexible Component Design for High-Performance Polyimide Films

Mixed Rigid and Flexible Component Design for High-Performance Polyimide Films

The reduction of copper oxide thin films with hydrogen plasma generated by an atmospheric-pressure glow discharge

Effect of different coupling agents in the doping of graphite oxide with 3–3′ diaminobenzidine: textural, structural and electrical properties

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