Complex Legal Lives: Separated Muslim Women’s Financial Rights in Russia (1750s–1820s)

Abstract

This article seeks to recover the financial rights of separated women living in the Muslim communities of Russia’s Volga-Ural region in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. It argues that by the 1780s–1820s, separated Muslim women were guaranteed certain rights and powers over their marital finances and personal property. These rights emerged out of a complex plural legal landscape created by the Volga-Ural region’s complicated religious and political history in the late medieval and early modern periods. By the end of the eighteenth century, separated Muslim women could claim certain financial rights under both Islamic law and Russian civil law, but had to pursue different kinds of claims through different legal systems. The legal landscape and practices that evolved in relation to separated women’s rights during the early modern period became formalized and institutionalized in the nineteenth century and persisted until the collapse of the Russian empire.

Penerapan Prinsip Syirkah Abdan dalam Pembagian Harta Perkawinan

“…Pada akhir abad kedelapan belas, perempuan Muslim yang terpisah dapat mengklaim hak finansial tertentu berdasarkan hukum Islam dan hukum perdata Rusia, namun harus mengajukan berbagai jenis klaim melalui sistem hukum yang berbeda. Lanskap dan praktik hukum yang berkembang sehubungan dengan pemisahan hak-hak perempuan selama periode modern awal menjadi formal dan terlembaga pada abad kesembilan belas dan bertahan hingga runtuhnya kekaisaran Rusia (Ross, 2022).…”