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LaTe3 is a non-centrosymmetric material with time reversal symmetry, where the charge density wave is hosted by the Te bilayers. Here, we show that LaTe3 hosts a Kramers nodal line—a twofold degenerate nodal line connecting time reversal-invariant momenta. We use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, density functional theory with an experimentally reported modulated structure, effective band structures calculated by band unfolding, and symmetry arguments to reveal the Kramers nodal line. Furthermore, calculations confirm that the nodal line imposes gapless crossings between the bilayer-split charge density wave-induced shadow bands and the main bands. In excellent agreement with the calculations, spectroscopic data confirm the presence of the Kramers nodal line and show that the crossings traverse the Fermi level. Furthermore, spinless nodal lines—completely gapped out by spin-orbit coupling—are formed by the linear crossings of the shadow and main bands with a high Fermi velocity.
LaTe3 is a non-centrosymmetric material with time reversal symmetry, where the charge density wave is hosted by the Te bilayers. Here, we show that LaTe3 hosts a Kramers nodal line—a twofold degenerate nodal line connecting time reversal-invariant momenta. We use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, density functional theory with an experimentally reported modulated structure, effective band structures calculated by band unfolding, and symmetry arguments to reveal the Kramers nodal line. Furthermore, calculations confirm that the nodal line imposes gapless crossings between the bilayer-split charge density wave-induced shadow bands and the main bands. In excellent agreement with the calculations, spectroscopic data confirm the presence of the Kramers nodal line and show that the crossings traverse the Fermi level. Furthermore, spinless nodal lines—completely gapped out by spin-orbit coupling—are formed by the linear crossings of the shadow and main bands with a high Fermi velocity.
The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Wrought Coppers 2.1. Coppers, ≧ 99.3 % Cu 2.2. High‐Copper Alloys, ≧96.0 % Cu 3. Wrought Brasses 4. Wrought Leaded Brasses 5. Wrought Tin Brasses 6. Wrought Tin Bronzesand Brazing Alloys 6.1. PhosphorBronzes 6.2. Leaded Phosphor Bronzes 6.3. BrazingAlloys 7. Wrought Specialty Alloys 7.1. Copper‐Aluminum Alloys (Aluminum Bronzes) 7.2. Copper ‐ Silicon Alloys (Silicon Bronzes) 7.3. Miscellaneous Copper ‐ Zinc Alloys 8. Wrought Copper ‐ Nickel Alloys 8.1. Cupronickels 8.2. Copper ‐ Nickel ‐ Zinc Alloys 9. Casting Alloys 9.1. Cast Coppers 9.2. High‐Copper Alloys 9.3. Copper ‐ Tin ‐ Zinc andCopper ‐ Tin ‐ Zinc ‐ LeadAlloys 9.4. Copper ‐ Manganese Alloys 9.5. Copper ‐ Zinc ‐ SiliconAlloys 9.6. Copper ‐ Tin Alloys 9.7. Copper ‐ Tin ‐ Lead Alloys 9.8. Copper ‐ Tin ‐ Nickel Alloys 9.9. Copper ‐ Aluminum ‐ Ironand Copper ‐ Aluminum ‐ Iron ‐ NickelAlloys 9.10. Copper ‐ Nickel ‐ Iron Alloys 9.11. Copper ‐ Nickel ‐ Zinc ‐ Tin ‐ LeadAlloys 9.12. Special Cast Alloys 10. Master Alloys 11. Safety and Environmental Aspects 12. Economic Aspects
The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. The Copper Ions 3. Basic Copper Compounds 3.1. Copper(I) Oxide 3.2. Copper(II) Oxide 3.3. Copper(II) Hydroxide 3.4. Copper(II) Carbonate Hydroxide 4. Salts and Basic Salts 4.1. Copper(I) Chloride 4.2. Copper(II) Chloride 4.3. Copper(II) Oxychloride 4.4. Copper(II) Sulfates 4.4.1. Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate 4.4.2. Anhydrous Copper Sulfate 4.4.3. Copper(II) Sulfate Monohydrate 4.4.4. Basic Copper(II) Sulfates 5. Compounds and Complexes of Minor Importance 5.1. Copper Compounds 5.2. Copper Complexes 6. Copper Reclamation 7. Copper and the Environment 8. Economic Aspects 9. Toxicology and Occupational Health
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