Complex post-traumatic stress symptoms in female adolescents: the role of emotion dysregulation in impairment and trauma exposure after an acute sexual assault

Villalta, Laia; Khadr, Sophie; Chua, Kia Chong; Kramer, Tami; Clarke, Venetia; Viner, Russell; Stringaris, Argyris; Smith, Patrick

doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1710400

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Classically, a history of childhood sexual and physical assault is thought to be a predictive factor for self-destructive behaviors in adults ( 9 ). Villalta et al ( 36 ) reported that self-organization disturbance in adolescents with C-PTSD is strongly associated with sexual assault.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations Between Cognitive Functions and Clinical Symptoms in Adolescents With Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Shin

Kim

Hong

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Introduction: Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) is characterized by the typical symptoms of PTSD, in addition to affective dysregulation, negative self-concept, and disturbances in interpersonal relationships. Children and adolescents with C-PTSD have been reported to have deficits in emotional and cognitive functions. We hypothesized that the following are associated with the severity of C-PTSD symptoms: (1) adolescents with C-PTSD who show deficits in emotional perception and cognitive functions, including executive function and attention; and (2) deficits in neurocognitive functions.Methods: Information on 69 adolescents with PTSD, aged 10–19 years, was gathered from seven shelters. All participants were assessed using complete clinical scales, including the C-PTSD Interview and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales, and neurocognitive function tests, including the emotional perception, mental rotation, and modified Tower of London tests.Results: Adolescents with C-PTSD were more likely to have a history of sexual assault, dissociation, and self-harm than those with PTSD. The total and subscale scores of the C-PTSD Interview Scale in adolescents with C-PTSD were higher than that in adolescents with PTSD. In addition, neurocognitive functions, including emotional perception, attention, and working memory, were correlated with the severity of C-PTSD symptoms.Discussion: Adolescents with C-PTSD experienced more serious clinical symptoms and showed more deficits in neurocognitive functions than adolescents with PTSD. Clinicians should pay careful attention toward the emotional and neurocognitive functions when assessing and treating patients with C-PTSD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations Between Cognitive Functions and Clinical Symptoms in Adolescents With Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Shin

Kim

Hong

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…In cPTSD, emotion dysregulation is characterized by trauma-related self-perceptions (e.g., guilt, shame, helplessness), fear of closeness in relationships, and numbing or suppression of emotional expression [ 88 ]. Emotion dysregulation has been found to adversely contribute to the psychosocial impairment experienced by adolescent victims of sexual assault over and above the effects of PTSD and other cPTSD/DSO symptoms [ 184 ]. Emotion dysregulation also has been found to mediate the relationship between a history of childhood maltreatment and other cPTSD/DSO symptoms in adults in mental health treatment [ 94 ].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder

Ford

Courtois²

2021

bord personal disord emot dysregul

115

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Background This article builds on a previous review (Ford and Courtois, Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 1:9, 2014) which concluded that complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) could not be conceptualized as a sub-type of either PTSD or BPD. Recent research is reviewed that extends and clarifies the still nascent understanding of the relationship between cPTSD and BPD. Main body The circumscribed formulation of adult cPTSD that has been developed, validated, and included in the 11th Edition of the International Classification of Diseases has spurred research aimed at differentiating cPTSD and BPD both descriptively and empirically. A newly validated Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) syndrome for children and adolescents provides a basis for systematic research on the developmental course and origins of adult cPTSD and BPD. This review summarizes recent empirical findings regarding BPD, PTSD, and cPTSD in terms of: (1) prevalence and comorbidity; (2) clinical phenomenology; (3) traumatic antecedents; (4) psychobiology; (5) emotion dysregulation; (6) dissociation; and (7) empirically supported approaches to clinical assessment and psychotherapeutic treatment. Conclusion The evidence suggests that PTSD, cPTSD, and BPD are potentially comorbid but distinct syndromes. A hypothesis is advanced to stimulate scientific research and clinical innovation defining and differentiating the disorders, positing that they may represent a continuum paralleling the classic conceptualization of the stress response, with dissociation potentially involved in each disorder.

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“…Hence, this construct should be considered in youths and their relatives who usually experience post-traumatic symptoms under pandemic or emergency situations [9,11,25], which may trigger negative mental health consequences, disruptive behaviour and a low self-concept [26][27][28][29]. As a consequence of the coronavirus pandemic, an appeal has been issued to the scientific community to pay attention to and analyse the physical, mental and emotional conditions as well as people's pro-social behaviour [13,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Self-Concept in Adolescents before and during COVID-19 Lockdown: Differences by Gender and Sports Activity

et al. 2020

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An appeal has been issued to the scientific community to investigate physical, mental and emotional states, and pro-social behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, this study aims to investigate adolescents’ self-concept before and during a lockdown period in relation to gender and type/amount of physical activity or sports. The pre-lockdown sample of 366 adolescents were aged 13–17 years (M = 15.51 ± 0.65), of whom 192 (52.5%) were females and 174 (47.5%) were males. During the lockdown, the age range of the sample was 13–17 years (M = 14.57 ± 1.47), of whom 82 (60.3%) were females, and 54 (39.7%) were males. The Form-5 Self-concept Questionnaire (AF-5) was used to measure adolescents’ self-concept. There was a reduction in adolescents’ overall self-concept during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was positively associated with emotional well-being, with family and peers being essential factors in the development of an appropriate self-concept. Furthermore, girls’ self-concept, especially academic self-concept, was higher than that of boys during the lockdown. However, both physical and emotional self-concept were higher for boys than girls before the COVID-19 lockdown, although no differences were found during the lockdown. The findings reveal that physical activity was positively correlated to self-concept before and during the COVID-19 lockdown.

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Complex post-traumatic stress symptoms in female adolescents: the role of emotion dysregulation in impairment and trauma exposure after an acute sexual assault

Abstract: Smith (2020) Complex post-traumatic stress symptoms in female adolescents: the role of emotion dysregulation in impairment and trauma exposure after an acute sexual assault,

Cited by 38 publications

References 41 publications

Correlations Between Cognitive Functions and Clinical Symptoms in Adolescents With Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Correlations Between Cognitive Functions and Clinical Symptoms in Adolescents With Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder

Analysis of Self-Concept in Adolescents before and during COVID-19 Lockdown: Differences by Gender and Sports Activity

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