Complex Relationship between Obesity and the Fat Mass and Obesity Locus

Yang, Qingyun; Xiao, Tiancun; Guo, Jiao; Su, Zhixing

doi:10.7150/ijbs.17051

Cited by 66 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…The importance of obesity-related factors and oxidative stress in nephropathy risk is also supported by our finding that variants in the FTO and C AT genes, which encode the fat mass and obesity-associated and catalase proteins, respectively, are associated with this diabetic complication. Variations in the FTO intron 1, which affect primary transcript levels, have been widely related to obesity and obesity-related traits [ 39 ]. Some of the obesity-associated FTO SNPs, in particular rs9939609 and rs8050136, have also been associated with T2D.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes associated with Type 2 Diabetes and vascular complications

Montesanto

Bonfigli

Crocco

et al. 2018

Aging

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Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease associated with a number of micro- and macrovascular complications that increase the morbidity and mortality of patients. The risk of diabetic complications has a strong genetic component. To this end, we sought to evaluate the association of 40 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 21 candidate genes with T2D and its vascular complications in 503 T2D patients and 580 healthy controls. The genes were chosen because previously reported to be associated with T2D complications and/or with the aging process. We replicated the association of T2D risk with IGF2BP rs4402960 and detected novel associations with TERT rs2735940 and rs2736098. The addition of these SNPs to a model including traditional risk factors slightly improved risk prediction. After stratification of patients according to the presence/absence of vascular complications, we found significant associations of variants in the CAT, FTO, and UCP1 genes with diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Additionally, a variant in the ADIPOQ gene was found associated with macrovascular complications. Notably, these genes are involved in some way in mitochondrial biology and reactive oxygen species regulation. Hence, our findings strongly suggest a potential link between mitochondrial oxidative homeostasis and individual predisposition to diabetic vascular complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes associated with Type 2 Diabetes and vascular complications

Montesanto

Bonfigli

Crocco

et al. 2018

Aging

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“…Individual differences arise in regional fat deposition, and obese individuals with lower visceral fat content and higher insulin sensitivity are considered “healthy” obese 10 – 12 . In addition, the susceptibility to developing obesity differs among individuals, which may reflect an individual’s propensity for developing obesity-related comorbidities 13 – 19 . Therefore, a heightened risk for developing obesity-related comorbidities may be seen in individuals with a greater susceptibility to develop obesity due to increased visceral adiposity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High fat diet consumption differentially affects adipose tissue inflammation and adipocyte size in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats

et al. 2017

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Background/ObjectivesExpanding visceral adiposity is associated with increased inflammation and increased risk for developing obesity-related comorbidities. The goal of this study was to examine high fat diet (HFD)-induced differences in adipocyte size and cytokine/chemokine expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots in obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats.MethodsOP and OR rats were fed either a low fat diet (LFD, 10% kilocalories from fat) or HFD (60% kilocalories from fat) for 7 weeks. Adipocyte size and the presence of crown-like structures in epididymal and inguinal adipose tissue were determined. A multiplex cytokine/chemokine panel was used to assess the expression of inflammatory markers in epididymal and inguinal adipose tissues.ResultsA higher percentage of large adipocytes (> 5000 μm2) was detected in the epididymal and inguinal adipose tissues of OP rats and a higher percentage of small adipocytes (< 4000 μm2) was detected in the epididymal and inguinal adipose tissues of OR rats. More crown-like structures were identified in epididymal adipose tissue of OP rats fed a LFD, compared to OR rats. Consumption of a HFD increased the number of crown-like structures in OR, but not OP rats. Epididymal expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) was higher in OP rats, compared to OR rats fed LFD. HFD consumption increased epididymal expression of GM-CSF, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-2, and TNF-α in OP and OR rats. Inguinal expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α) was higher in OP rats, compared to OR rats.ConclusionsOverall, these data suggest that a higher susceptibility to developing obesity is characterized by large adipocytes and increased visceral adipose inflammation. Interestingly, in OR rats, the detrimental effects of HFD consumption on visceral adipose inflammation are evident with only small increases in weight and adiposity, suggesting that HFD also increases the risk for obesity-related comorbidities in OR rats.

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“…Childhood overweight and obesity has become a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in later life. [1]. A dramatic increase in obesity widespread among children in recent years raised the number of obese children to be 41 million in 2016 according to WHO, 2018 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among School-Going Children of Aligarh City and Its Association with Socio-Demographic Variables

Fatima:¹,

Durrani:²

2020

IJMH

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In India, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban areas is comparable with some developing countries. A rapid transition in food practices, lifestyle factors, behavioural factors, physical inactivity and adopting western culture are some of the causes responsible for this problem. Children from small towns are experiencing nutritional changes due to their tendency to try eating pattern of larger cities. Aims and objectives: To study the prevalence of overweight and obesity and related risk factors among school going children of Aligarh city. Materials and methods: A cross - sectional study was done among four schools from four zones of Aligarh city. A total of 900 children studying in classes Ist to Vth were taken in the study. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, dietary intake, lifestyle, behavioural factors, physical activity and anthropometric measurements. Results: Overall Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 8.1% and 8.2% among school‑going children. There was a statistically significant difference in prevalence of overweight and obesity among affluent schools (6.1% and 6.7%) and nonaffluent schools (2.0% and 1.6%) respectively was observed. The related risk factors for overweight and obesity were affluence and higher level of father’s education etc. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity among school‑going children is a major problem facing even in smaller cities in India.Interventions must be taken to focus on communicating and educating teachers and parents, especially of the affluent section, towards restricting fast food intake, TV viewing and emphasizing the importance of physical activity.

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Complex Relationship between Obesity and the Fat Mass and Obesity Locus

Cited by 66 publications

References 149 publications

Genes associated with Type 2 Diabetes and vascular complications

Genes associated with Type 2 Diabetes and vascular complications

High fat diet consumption differentially affects adipose tissue inflammation and adipocyte size in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among School-Going Children of Aligarh City and Its Association with Socio-Demographic Variables

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