Complex Small‐Molecule Architectures Regulate Phenotypic Plasticity in a Nematode

Bose, Neelanjan; Reuß, Stephan H. von; Yim, Joshua J.; Ragsdale, Erik J.; Sommer, Ralf J.; Schroeder, Frank C.

doi:10.1002/ange.201206797

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Are these due to mistranslation of target proteins, to a role of t 6 A as a determinant for other components of the translation apparatus, or to a role of t 6 A or of t 6 A synthesis proteins in other processes than translation? Indeed, the recent discovery of a molecule similar to the t 6 A nucleoside in dauer signaling in nematodes 73 opens an unforeseen role for t 6 A derivatives in biology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of the biosynthesis pathway for threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t⁶A), a universal modification of tRNA

2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Representative organisms from each domain of life were used to build a taxonomic tree in iToL (http://itol.embl.de). 73,74 Filled circles indicate presence of genes. Genes for formation of ct 6 A are collapsed into a single column.…”

Section: Synthesis Of T 6 a Varies With Domains Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of the biosynthesis pathway for threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t⁶A), a universal modification of tRNA

2014

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“…Although the profiles were largely similar between 92 strains, there were a few notable distinctions. The most striking being the abundance of Ubas 93 compounds, a recently detected ascaroside dimer that has not been observed in other 94 nematodes 16 . While Ubas#1 and #2 are prominent in RS2333, they are virtually nonexistent in 95 RSC017, suggesting rapid allospecific evolution of NDMM production in P. pacificus, and 96 evolution of conspecific regulation.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…1a), dramatically changing the population demographics. Many of the 46 molecular components that regulate dauer entry have been elucidated in both Caenorhabditis 47 elegans 14,15 and P. pacificus 16,17 . These studies point to a family of small molecule pheromones 48 called ascarosides that consist of an ascarylose sugar with a fatty acid side chain and modular 49 head and terminus groups [18][19][20] (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Ascarosides also counteract another 53 currently unidentified crowding signal that stimulates growth rate in C. elegans 22 , exemplifying a 54 common theme of density-dependent pheromone communication regulating life history traits in 55 nematodes. In P. pacificus, ascarosides also influence plasticity, although they are more 56 structurally diverse than in C. elegans 16,17,23,24 . For example, a parasotide-ascaroside derivative 57 influences dauer formation, and an ascaroside dimer influences the second type of plasticity in 58 P. pacificus, mouth form 16 .…”

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Adult influence on juvenile phenotypes by stage-specific pheromone production

Werner

Claaßen

Renahan

et al. 2018

Preprint

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1Animals and plants can predict decreasing food supplies by recognition of population density, 2 and respond by adjusting behavioral and morphological traits. Population density in nematodes 3 is detected through pheromones, influencing dormant (dauer) stage entry, and in some lineages 4 alternative mouth-form decision (bacterivorous vs. predatory). Whether age is a relevant 5 parameter in recognizing population density is not well understood. Here, we utilized the mouth-6 form plasticity of the model nematode Pristionchus pacificus and developmental pheromone 7 profiling to study potential parent:progeny communication. Surprisingly, we observed adult-8 specific production of molecules that induce the predatory morph, even though adult mouth 9 forms are no longer plastic. We introduce a novel dye-based method to differentiate populations 10 in mixed-generation cultures, and found adults, but not peers, influence developing juvenile 11 mouth forms. Finally, we applied a logistic growth model that demonstrates adults both lower 12 the population carrying capacity and decrease the time until resource depletion. In the 13 necromenic life cycle of P. pacificus, we view mouth-form plasticity as an alternative 'Malthusian 14 escape' strategy to dauer that responds to age-specific population densities. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/291591 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Mar. 29, 2018; Population density is an important ecological parameter that correlates with increased 26 competition for resources 1 . In addition to density-dependent selection 2 , which operates on 27 evolutionary time scales, some organisms can respond dynamically to population density by 28 phenotypic plasticity. For example, plants can sense crowding by detecting the ratio of red 29 (chlorophyll absorbing) to far red (non-absorbing) light, and respond by various shade-30 avoidance strategies including higher shoots 3 . Locusts undergo solitary to swarm (i.e. 31 gregarious) transition, and aphids can develop wings, both as a result of increased physical 32 mechanosensory contact [4][5][6] . Intriguingly, population density can also have transgenerational 33 effects. For example, adult crowding of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria 7,8 and migratory 34 locust Locusta migratoria 9 also influences the egg size, number, and morphology of their 35 progeny, and high population densities of red squirrels elicit hormonal regulation in mothers to 36 influence faster developing offspring 10 . Nevertheless, while incorporating age into population 37 structures has significantly advanced density-dependent selection theory 11 , surprisingly little 38age-specific refinement has been incorporated into models of phenotypic plasticity, especially at 39 the mechanistic level. This is partly due to the competing challenges of (1) studying population 40 ecology in the laboratory, and (2) the paucity of laboratory model organisms that are suitable for 41 ecological studies. The model nematode ...

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Biosynthesis of Modular Ascarosides in C. elegans

et al. 2017

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The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans uses simple building blocks from primary metabolism and as trategy of modular assembly to build ag reat diversity of signaling molecules,t he ascarosides,w hichf unction as ac hemical language in this model organism. In the ascarosides,t he dideoxysugar ascarylose serves as as caffold to which diverse moieties from lipid, amino acid, neurotransmitter,and nucleoside metabolism are attached. However,t he mechanisms that underlie the highly specific assembly of ascarosides are not understood. We show that the acyl-CoA synthetase ACS-7, which localizes to lysosome-related organelles,i ss pecifically required for the attachment of different building blocks to the 4'-position of ascr#9. We further showt hat mutants lacking lysosome-related organelles are defective in the production of all 4'-modified ascarosides,thus identifying the waste disposal system of the cell as ahotspot for ascaroside biosynthesis.Supportinginformation and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under: http://dx.

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Complex Small‐Molecule Architectures Regulate Phenotypic Plasticity in a Nematode

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Diversity of the biosynthesis pathway for threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t⁶A), a universal modification of tRNA

Diversity of the biosynthesis pathway for threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t⁶A), a universal modification of tRNA

Adult influence on juvenile phenotypes by stage-specific pheromone production

Biosynthesis of Modular Ascarosides in C. elegans

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Complex Small‐Molecule Architectures Regulate Phenotypic Plasticity in a Nematode

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Diversity of the biosynthesis pathway for threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A), a universal modification of tRNA

Diversity of the biosynthesis pathway for threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A), a universal modification of tRNA

Adult influence on juvenile phenotypes by stage-specific pheromone production

Biosynthesis of Modular Ascarosides in C. elegans

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Product

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Diversity of the biosynthesis pathway for threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t⁶A), a universal modification of tRNA

Diversity of the biosynthesis pathway for threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t⁶A), a universal modification of tRNA