This chapter addresses core developmental approaches to understanding the nature of social and emotional consequences of illness and disability during the developmental period.
The chapter addresses the ways in which
developmental disabilities
and
chronic illness
share a particular risk status, but can also be differentiated. Definitions and epidemiology are broadly considered to set the stage for the specific social and emotional domains to be reviewed.
Three basic domains are addressed in depth:
social and peer competencies, emotion and emotion regulation,
and
behavior and emotion problems
. Disabilities and chronic illnesses are discussed both separately and together within these domains. The shifting nature of the conceptual paradigms used to understand the consequences of chronic conditions (
pathology versus adaptational
or positive approaches) are discussed.
Both endogenous and exogenous factors that contribute to the consequences of chronic conditions are addressed.
Genetic approaches
highlight the endogenous considerations, while
family, school, and cultural factors
are the focus of the exogenous factors that contribute. These considerations lead to a discussion of
intervention approaches
that have addressed socioemotional competencies in children with chronic conditions.
The chapter concludes with a review of the
current state of the field,
and suggestions for the
next generation of research
for the field.