“…Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advances over the past decade in new targeted therapies, diagnostics, staging, and surgical techniques, as well as new chemotherapy and radiation therapy, lung cancer mortality remains high (1). Lung cancer mainly includes non-small cell lung cancer, which includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and Abbreviations: IL-34, interleukin 34; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; OS, overall survival; TNM, tumor-node-metastasis; mRNA, messenger RNA; CSF, Colony-stimulating factor; IHC, immunohistochemistry; GO, gene ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; GSEA, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis; ACT, Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy; NTU, Nantong University.…”