Compliance with Sport Injury Prevention Interventions in Randomised Controlled Trials: A Systematic Review

Reijen, Miriam van; Vriend, Ingrid; Mechelen, Willem van; Finch, Caroline F.; Verhagen, Evert

doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0470-8

Cited by 65 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…We choose to use the term adherence in the current manuscript. Adherence issues, are common, with non-adherence ranging anywhere from 3.5 to 80% [15,16]. One must also be aware that there is no one single definition of adherence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Recruitment, Adherence and Drop-Out Rates in Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation Trials in Children and Adolescents

2017

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Introduction: The influence of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) supplementation on health outcomes has been studied extensively with randomized controlled trials (RCT). In many research fields, difficulties with recruitment, adherence and high drop-out rates have been reported. However, what is unknown is how common these problems are in n-3 LCPUFA supplementation studies in children and adolescents. Therefore, this paper will review n-3 LCPUFA supplementation studies in children and adolescents with regard to recruitment, adherence and drop-out rates. Methods: The Web of Science, PubMed and Ovid databases were searched for papers reporting on RCT supplementing children and adolescents (2–18 years) with a form of n-3 LCPUFA (or placebo) for at least four weeks. As a proxy for abiding to CONSORT guidelines, we noted whether manuscripts provided a flow-chart and provided dates defining the period of recruitment and follow-up. Results: Ninety manuscripts (reporting on 75 studies) met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies did not abide by the CONSORT guidelines: 55% did not provide a flow-chart, while 70% did not provide dates. The majority of studies provided minimal details about the recruitment process. Only 25 of the 75 studies reported an adherence rate which was on average 85%. Sixty-five of the 75 studies included drop-out rates which were on average 17%. Conclusion: Less than half of the included studies abided by the CONSORT guidelines (45% included a flow chart, while 30% reported dates). Problems with recruitment and drop-out seem to be common in n-3 LCPUFA supplementation trials in children and adolescents. However, reporting about recruitment, adherence and dropout rates was very heterogeneous and minimal in the included studies. Some techniques to improve recruitment, adherence and dropout rates were identified from the literature, however these techniques may need to be tailored to n-3 LCPUFA supplementation studies in children and adolescents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Recruitment, Adherence and Drop-Out Rates in Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation Trials in Children and Adolescents

2017

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“…We did not consider the level of compliance to the interventions in our review. However, this is relevant additional information as compliance rates affect study outcomes,80 and have implications for implementation efforts 78…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromuscular training is effective to prevent ankle sprains in a sporting population: a meta-analysis translating evidence into optimal prevention strategies

et al. 2016

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ImportanceAnkle sprains are the most common sports-related injuries for which effective preventive measures exist. This review summarises the preventive effectiveness of this neuromuscular training (NMT), culminating in an overview of effective exercise components.ObjectiveTo assess the preventive effect of NMT for first-time and recurrent ankle sprains in sports.Evidence reviewAn electronic literature search of PubMed, SPORTDiscus and EMBASE was conducted (until 24 March 2016) to identify published randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled trials (CTs) and time trend analyses related to NMT as a preventive measure for ankle sprains. Methodological quality of relevant studies was assessed using a predefined set of 19 criteria. Meta-analyses were performed on comparable populations and intervention content.FindingsA total of 30 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analysed (24 RCTs, 3 CTs and 3 time interventions). Studies showed a great diversity in preventive effects and methodological quality (quality score ranged between 47% and 100%). The diversity in preventive effect was independent of study quality and design. A total of 14 studies focussed solely on the effectiveness of balance training, and 16 studies evaluated the effect of balance training combined with adjunct interventions. Pooled data showed a significant reduction in the occurrence of ankle sprains (relative risk (RR) 0.60; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.71). Single-component interventions specifically targeted at ankle sprains achieved preventive effects (RR=0.58; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.72) as opposed to multicomponent interventions (RR 0.67; 95% CI 0.37 to 1.24). With respect to interventions targeted at general injuries, significant effects were found using both single-component (RR=0.71; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.97) and multicomponent interventions (RR=0.55; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.74). Pooled data showed a significant reduction of NMT on ankle sprains in studies including participants regardless of their injury history (RR=0.59; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.71), and in athletes with a previous ankle sprain (RR=0.69; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.98).Conclusions and relevanceNMT is effective at reducing ankle sprains in a sporting population, and in athletes with a previous ankle sprain. The evidence for an effect on first-time ankle sprains remains inconclusive. A key element of NMT to prevent ankle sprains is balance training, irrespective of the use of balance boards or other balance devices. Since both single-component and multicomponent NMT interventions are effective at reducing ankle sprains, the type most fitting to the context should be chosen for implementation efforts.Level of evidenceLevel 1.

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“…Although effective programs, like these, have been developed to prevent hamstring injuries, the incidence of hamstring injuries in professional soccer players competing in the UEFA is still increasing by 4% annually . As in professional soccer (UEFA), in amateur soccer poor long‐term compliance probably limits the effectiveness of interventions such as the NHE . Reasons for not performing this effective program are poor knowledge of the (effectiveness of the) program and lack of motivation because the exercises are not specific to soccer (submitted data).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does a bounding exercise program prevent hamstring injuries in adult male soccer players? – A cluster‐RCT

Hoef

Brink

Huisstede

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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BackgroundAlthough the Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) prevents hamstring injury in soccer players effectively, the annual incidence of these injuries still increases. This may be because of poor long‐term compliance with the program. Furthermore, the timing and amplitude of gluteal and core muscle activation seem to play an important role in hamstring injury prevention, the NHE program was not designed to improve activation of these muscles. Therefore, we propose plyometric training as an alternative to reduce hamstring injuries in soccer players.PurposeTo determine the preventive effect of the Bounding Exercise Program (BEP) on hamstring injury incidence and severity in adult male amateur soccer players.Study designA cluster‐Randomized Controlled Trial.MethodsThirty‐two soccer teams competing in the first‐class amateur league were cluster‐randomized into the intervention or control group. Both groups were instructed to perform their regular training program, and the intervention group additionally performed BEP. Information about player characteristics was gathered at baseline and exposure, hamstring injuries and BEP compliance were weekly registered during one season (2016‐2017).ResultsThe data of 400 players were analyzed. In total, 57 players sustained 65 hamstring injuries. The injury incidence was 1.12/1000 hours in the intervention group and 1.39/1000 hours in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in hamstring injury incidence (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.46‐1.75) or severity between the groups (P > 0.48).ConclusionIn this large cluster‐randomized controlled trial, no evidence was found for plyometric training in its current form to reduce hamstring injuries in amateur soccer players.

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Compliance with Sport Injury Prevention Interventions in Randomised Controlled Trials: A Systematic Review

Cited by 65 publications

References 123 publications

A Review of Recruitment, Adherence and Drop-Out Rates in Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation Trials in Children and Adolescents

A Review of Recruitment, Adherence and Drop-Out Rates in Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation Trials in Children and Adolescents

Neuromuscular training is effective to prevent ankle sprains in a sporting population: a meta-analysis translating evidence into optimal prevention strategies

Does a bounding exercise program prevent hamstring injuries in adult male soccer players? – A cluster‐RCT

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