Complicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on the Inpatient Rehabilitation Unit

Kennedy, Richard E.; Livingston, L; Marwitz, Jennifer H.; Gueck, Shana; Kreutzer, Jeffrey S.; Sander, Angelle M.

doi:10.1097/00001199-200605000-00006

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Twelve percent of these patients had contusions and intracranial haemorrhage and 10% suffered skull fractures. These results support previous international findings [14,16] . Williams et al [14] found that persons with GCS scores of 13-15, and positive findings on a CT scan, had a course of recovery similar to that of persons with moderate TBI, but a worse outcome compared to those with similar GCS scores without CT findings.…”

Section: Severity Of Tbisupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Mild TBI accounts for 80-90% of all head injuries, according to international studies [1,8,11,13] . Some studies have shown that approximately 10-17% of in-patient admissions with initial mild TBI severity, as measured by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), had intracranial lesions and that large numbers of these patients need rehabilitation after discharge from the acute hospital [14][15][16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of Hospital-Treated Traumatic Brain Injury in the Oslo Population

Anđelić¹,

Sigurðardóttir

Brunborg³

et al. 2008

Neuroepidemiology

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Background: The aim of this prospective, population-based study is to present the incidence of hospital-treated traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Oslo, Norway, and to describe the severity of brain injuries and outcome of the patients’ acute medical care. Methods: Data were obtained from hospital admission registers and medical records from May 2005 to May 2006. The initial severity of TBI was measured by the Glasgow Coma Scale. The region is urban with a population of 534,129. Results: The 445 patients identified represent an annual incidence of 83.3/100,000. The median age was 29 years. The male:female ratio was 1.8:1.0. The highest incidence of TBI hospitalizations was found in the elderly males and the youngest children. The most common causes of TBI were falls (51%) and transport accidents (29.7%). Intracranial lesions were found more often in the elderly. The case fatality rate was 2.0/100 hospitalized patients and was highest in the elderly. Conclusions: The incidence of hospital-treated TBI in this study is considerably lower than that found in previous studies from Norway and Scandinavia. Despite the apparent decline in TBI hospitalization rates, our findings should also draw attention to the need for more effective preventive programmes related to falls. Studies that assess long-term consequences of TBI in elderly patients are also needed.

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Section: Severity Of Tbisupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Hospital-Treated Traumatic Brain Injury in the Oslo Population

Anđelić¹,

Sigurðardóttir

Brunborg³

et al. 2008

Neuroepidemiology

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“…For example, individuals whose Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores are in the generally accepted 'mild' range (i.e., 13-15) and who also demonstrate abnormalities on conventional neuroimaging are described using the term 'complicated mTBI' and their recoveries are more similar to those with GCS-defined moderate, rather than uncomplicated mild, TBI (Borgaro et al, 2003;Iverson, 2006a;Kashluba et al, 2008;Kennedy et al, 2006;Lange et al, 2009;van der Naalt et al, 1999;Williams et al, 1990). Individual difference in neurogenetics relevant to neural repair, neural plasticity, and neurotransmitter function also may influence outcome after mTBI (Arciniegas et al, 2003;Jordan, 2007;McAllister, 2009).…”

Section: Persistent Postconcussive Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical electrophysiologic assessments and mild traumatic brain injury: State-of-the-science and implications for clinical practice

Arciniegas

2011

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…For example, a linear relationship with cerebral atrophy relates to injury severity measures such as GCS, PTA, and duration of LOC Wilde et al, 2006b). Likewise, complicated mTBI is more likely to have positive neuroimaging findings (Levine et al, 2006;McAllister et al, 2001;Vorst et al, 2007) and significant residuals (Kennedy et al, 2006). If boxing is considered a model for detecting "pre-clinical" or asymptomatic brain injury, recent diffusion tensor imaging studies have demonstrated abnormalities in boxers (Chappell et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2006b).…”

Section: Is Brain Injury On a Continuum: Concussion R Severe Tbi?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychology and clinical neuroscience of persistent post-concussive syndrome

Bigler

2007

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

363

248

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On the mild end of the acquired brain injury spectrum, the terms concussion and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have been used interchangeably, where persistent post-concussive syndrome (PPCS) has been a label given when symptoms persist for more than three months post-concussion. Whereas a brief history of concussion research is overviewed, the focus of this review is on the current status of PPCS as a clinical entity from the perspective of recent advances in the biomechanical modeling of concussion in human and animal studies, particularly directed at a better understanding of the neuropathology associated with concussion. These studies implicate common regions of injury, including the upper brainstem, base of the frontal lobe, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, medial temporal lobe, fornix, and corpus callosum. Limitations of current neuropsychological techniques for the clinical assessment of memory and executive function are explored and recommendations for improved research designs offered, that may enhance the study of long-term neuropsychological sequelae of concussion. (JINS, 2008, 14, 1-22.)

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Complicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on the Inpatient Rehabilitation Unit

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Incidence of Hospital-Treated Traumatic Brain Injury in the Oslo Population

Incidence of Hospital-Treated Traumatic Brain Injury in the Oslo Population

Clinical electrophysiologic assessments and mild traumatic brain injury: State-of-the-science and implications for clinical practice

Neuropsychology and clinical neuroscience of persistent post-concussive syndrome

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