Complications of Caesarean delivery part 2: Non-pregnant and pregnancy-related complications

Abstract

Introduction With the rise in Caesarean deliveries, complications related to the procedure are increasingly encountered. Sonography has an indispensable role in the assessment of these complications and is often the first-line investigation of choice. Topic description: Part 2 of this pictorial review summarises the non-pregnant and pregnancy-related complications of Caesarean deliveries. Discussion Non-pregnant complications include Caesarean scar defects, scar endometriosis and malpositioned intrauterine devices. Complications related to future gestations include scar ectopic pregnancy, abnormal placentation and intrapartum uterine dehiscence or rupture. Key sonographic features of these conditions are illustrated. Pitfalls, mimics, limitations and indications for cross-sectional imaging are discussed. Conclusion Sound knowledge of the sonographic features of common non-pregnant and pregnancy-related complications of Caesarean delivery will facilitate accurate diagnosis, timely management and improved patient outcomes.