Complications of Cochlear Implant Surgery in Adults and Children

Cohen, Noel L.; Hoffman, Ronald A.

doi:10.1177/000348949110000903

Cited by 276 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In general, they can be avoided by an adequate surgical technique. A low complication rate reflects a high quality standard of cochlear implantation and sufficient training due an adequate minimum number of surgeries performed per year [36], [45], [63], [64] (Table 4). …”

Section: Intraoperative Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cochlear Implant – State of the Art

2017

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Cochlear implants are the treatment of choice for auditory rehabilitation of patients with sensory deafness. They restore the missing function of Thomas Lenarz 1 inner hair cells by transforming the acoustic signal into electrical stimuli in the majority of patients including the use of the telephone. Children can achieve a near to normal speech and language development provided their deafness is detected early after onset and implantation is performed quickly thereafter. The diagnostic procedure as well as the surgical technique have been standardized and can be adapted to the individual anatomical and physiological needs both in children and adults. Special cases such as cochlear obliteration might require special measures and re-implantation, which can be done in most cases in a straight forward way. Technology upgrades count for better performance. Future developments will focus on better electrode-nerve interfaces by improving electrode technology. An increased number of electrical contacts as well as the biological treatment with regeneration of the dendrites growing onto the electrode will increase the number of electrical channels. This will give room for improved speech coding strategies in order to create the bionic ear, i.e. to restore the process of natural hearing by means of technology. The robot-assisted surgery will allow for high precision surgery and reliable hearing preservation. Biological therapies will support the bionic ear. Methods are bio-hybrid electrodes, which are coded by stem cells transplanted into the inner ear to enhance auto-production of neurotrophins. Local drug delivery will focus on suppression of trauma reaction and local regeneration. Gene therapy by nanoparticles will hopefully lead to the preservation of residual hearing in patients being affected by genetic hearing loss. Overall the cochlear implant is a very powerful tool to rehabilitate patients with sensory deafness. More than 1 million of candidates in Germany today could benefit from this high technology auditory implant. Only 50,000 are implanted so far. In the future, the procedure can be done under local anesthesia, will be minimally invasive and straight forward. Hearing preservation will be routine.Keywords: cochlear implant, sensory deafness, diagnostics, surgical procedure, results, complications, future developments SummaryCochlear implants are electronical stimulus prostheses for the functional replacement of the inner ear. Because of the rapid technical development and the good results, they could be established as standard therapy for sensory deafness. Cochlear implantation requires an interdisciplinary team and a quality-controlled concepts that reaches from the indication to the life-long control and that is fixed in the AWMF guideline on cochlear implant [1]. Current cochlear implant systems are partially implantable and equipped with a multitude of additional functions similar to hearing aids for sound pre-processing and noise elimination. The intracochlear position of the electrode allows fo...

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Section: Intraoperative Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cochlear Implant – State of the Art

2017

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“…Major complications usually have to do with surgical technique and include flap necrosis, improper electrode placement, and rare facial nerve problems. Minor complications include dehiscence of incisions, infection, facial nerve stimulation, dizziness, and pedestal problems with the device [2]. Flap necrosis or wound dehiscence, is the most common complications with an incidence of 4.5 to 11.2%, major complications are those requiring further surgery or hospitalization, occur at rates 2.1 to 11.7% whereas minor complications are those which can be treated with medical management, have a slightly higher incidence, 5.8 to 25.4% [3,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the entire required test showed no any surgical contraindication. Patient performed right ear cochlear implantation via facial recess approach [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Intraoperative ART and NRT showed values with in normal range C-arm X-ray imaging showed electrode arrays implanted with in cochlea (Figure 2).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periorbital Ecchymosis: An Uncommon Complication of Cochlear Implantation

Gyanwali¹

2016

Anat Physiol

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Background: Cochlear implantation in recent years had been a final treatment for those with severe sonsorineural hearing loss. Cochlear implantation is a safe procedure, due to development of science and technology the complication of cochlear implantation is decreasing. Unusual and uncommon complications are unpredictable and managed with extra conscious because these complications may lead to revision surgery.

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“…Although the prevalence of complications in our sample is higher than those from most studies in the literature, we believe this can be explained by the fact that we operate cases of higher complexity, with cochlear ossification and inner ear malformation [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Moreover, our clinic is a center for the training of ear surgeons, with a complementary specialization program, in which trainee surgeons participate actively in the cochlear implant surgeries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complicações em 550 cirurgias consecutivas de implante coclear

Brito¹,

Monteiro

Leal³

et al. 2012

Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol.

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Cochl ear implantation is a safe and reliable method for auditory restoration in patients with severe to profound hearing loss. Objective:To describe the surgical complications of cochlear implantation. Materials and Methods:Information from 591 consecutive multichannel cochlear implant surgeries were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed-up for at least one year. Forty-one patients were excluded because of missing data, follow-up loss or middle fossa approach.Results: Of 550 cochlear implantation analyzed, 341 were performed in children or adolescents, and 209 in adults. The mean hearing loss time was 6.3 ± 6.7 years for prelingual loss and 12.1 ± 11.6 years for postlingual. Mean follow-up was 3.9 ± 2.8 years. Major complications occurred in 8.9% and minor in 7.8%. Problems during electrode insertion (3.8%) were the most frequent major complication followed by flap dehiscence (1.4%). Temporary facial palsy (2.2%), canal-wall lesion (2.2%) and tympanic membrane lesion (1.8%) were the more frequent minor complications. No death occurred. Conclusion:There was a low rate of surgical complications, most of them been successfully managed. These results confirm that cochlear implant is a safe surgery and most surgical complications can be managed with conservative measures or minimal intervention. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;78(3):80-5. ORIGINAL ARTICLE BJORL

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Complications of Cochlear Implant Surgery in Adults and Children

Cited by 276 publications

References 2 publications

Cochlear Implant – State of the Art

Cochlear Implant – State of the Art

Periorbital Ecchymosis: An Uncommon Complication of Cochlear Implantation

Complicações em 550 cirurgias consecutivas de implante coclear

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