Complications of invasive mechanical ventilation in critically Ill Covid-19 patients - A narrative review

Khan, Wajiha; Safi, Adnan; Muneeb, Muhammad; Mooghal, Mehwish; Aftab, Ali; Ahmed, Jawad

doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104201

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…1 However, laryngotracheal injuries such as TEF can likely be attributed to prone positioning, which increases endotracheal cuff pressure on the tracheal wall, a prothrombic state of infection leading to ischemic injury, and viral replication in the tracheal mucosa weakening the wall. 3 Concurrent use of steroids and/or nasogastric tube feeding, as required in our patient, may further increase risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Tracheoesophageal Fistula as a Complication of Prolonged Ventilation in COVID-19: Description of Reconstruction and Review of the Literature

et al. 2023

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Infection with COVID-19 pneumonia may necessitate intubation and mechanical ventilation. Viral inflammation and pressure necrosis may lead to scarring, stenosis, and in severe cases, fistula formation. Nonmalignant tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEF) represent a surgical challenge and may necessitate locoregional tissue transfer and tracheal resection to prevent recurrence and maintain airway patency. We present a case of TEF in a 63-year-old female secondary to prolonged mechanical ventilation in the setting of COVID pneumonia, detailing the clinical findings and surgical repair. Primary closure of the esophageal defect with pectoralis major muscle flap onlay and tracheal resection, with median sternotomy for access, provided successful intervention, allowing for subsequent tracheostomy decannulation and return to a complete oral diet. This case offers further evidence of the increased risk of airway complications in COVID-19 infection and provides otolaryngologists with an example of a rare surgical approach useful in management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Tracheoesophageal Fistula as a Complication of Prolonged Ventilation in COVID-19: Description of Reconstruction and Review of the Literature

et al. 2023

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“…A neonate in respiratory distress should be managed with non-invasive ventilation, although ideally, it is better not to ventilate preoperatively. 9 Since our patient was suspected of having a large fistula near the carina and low compliance (due to pneumonitis), conventional ventilation with uncuffed ETT failed to prevent excessive air leaks into the stomach and, consequently, ineffective ventilation. The fistula’s occlusion with foleys catheter, although temporally caused tamponade effect, was not secure enough for adequate ventilation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Ineffective ventilation in a very low birth weight infant with H-type Tracheoesophageal Fistula with bilateral chemical pneumonitis. A lesson learned

Ahmad,

Niaz,

Durrani

et al. 2023

Pak J Med Sci

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Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) with or without associated esophageal atresia (EA) in the neonate is challenging to diagnose and manage its complications like aspiration, respiratory distress, and other associated anomalies. To stabilize, ventilate and prepare for surgical correction, understanding the H-nature of disease and anticipation of problems and their management will improve survival. We present a newborn with tracheoesophageal fistula without atresia from resource-limited settings and lessons we learned from the case. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8958 How to cite this: Ahmad F, Niaz S, Durrani N, Kumar V. Ineffective ventilation in a very low birth weight infant with H-type Tracheoesophageal Fistula with bilateral chemical pneumonitis. A lesson learned. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(2):S91-93. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8958 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…22 Due to mechanical ventilation, patients acquired respiratory muscle weakness and respiratory complications like pneumonia, pulmonary edema, subcutaneous emphysema, and tracheal complications and the same has been documented in other studies. 23–29…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Respiratory Functions, Activities of Daily Living, and Quality of Life of the Post-mechanical Ventilated Patients

Kaur,

Dhandapani

et al. 2023

Nursing & Midwifery Research Journal

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Background: The fundamental goal of mechanical ventilation is to restore and improve respiratory functions and relieve respiratory distress, thus permitting lungs and airways to heal in acute and chronic respiratory failure conditions. Associated post-mechanical ventilation complications may increase the chance of re-intubation, poor quality of life, hospital stay and hospital costs, and so on. Objective: To assess the respiratory functions, activities of daily living, and quality of life of the post-mechanical ventilated patients. Methods: Using a purposive sampling technique, 72 patients after 24 h of weaning from the ventilator were enrolled in the study. Their socio-demographic profile, respiratory functions, activities of daily living, and quality of life were assessed using validated tools. Results: The mean respiratory rate per minute and oxygen saturation were 21.69 ± 4.10 and 93.58 ± 3.73, respectively. A total of 58.9% of the patients had dyspnea, 18.1% had abnormal breathing sound, 22.3% were using accessory muscles during breathing, 20.9% had pain during breathing, and 18.1% had cough with sputum production after extubation. Three fourth of the patients had complete dependency (75%) to perform activities of daily living. More than half (59.8%) of the patients had good quality of life scores as per the SF-36 item scale. Conclusion: There is a need to plan nursing interventions for patients in order to decrease post-mechanical ventilation complications.

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Complications of invasive mechanical ventilation in critically Ill Covid-19 patients - A narrative review

Cited by 9 publications

References 54 publications

Tracheoesophageal Fistula as a Complication of Prolonged Ventilation in COVID-19: Description of Reconstruction and Review of the Literature

Tracheoesophageal Fistula as a Complication of Prolonged Ventilation in COVID-19: Description of Reconstruction and Review of the Literature

Ineffective ventilation in a very low birth weight infant with H-type Tracheoesophageal Fistula with bilateral chemical pneumonitis. A lesson learned

Assessment of Respiratory Functions, Activities of Daily Living, and Quality of Life of the Post-mechanical Ventilated Patients

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