Complications of Reduction Mammaplasty: Comparison of Nipple-areolar Graft and Pedicle

Hawtof, David B.; Levine, Michael; Kapetansky, Donald I.; Pieper, David R.

doi:10.1097/00000637-198907000-00002

Cited by 69 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…We performed a prospective review of all reduction mammaplasties performed at our institution between 2001 and 2003 and present our experience in successfully avoiding free nipple grafting in patients with gigantomastia. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] …”

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Avoiding Free Nipple Grafts During Reduction Mammaplasty in Patients With Gigantomastia

Lacerna

Spears²,

Mitra³

et al. 2005

Annals of Plastic Surgery

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Excessive breast hypertrophy or gigantomastia (>2000 g excision of tissue per breast) has traditionally been approached with breast amputation and free nipple grafting during reduction mammaplasty procedures. Disadvantages of free nipple grafts include loss of sensation, poor projection, uneven nipple-areolar complex pigmentation, and loss of lactation. We report our experiences utilizing the inferior pedicle technique of reduction mammaplasty with successful preservation of the nipple-areola complex for patients with gigantomastia. Between 2001 and 2003, 15 patients (ages 19--45) were identified with gigantomastia through review of pathology and operative reports. The inferior pedicle technique was performed in all cases by the attending staff assisted by plastic surgery residents. Patients were followed regularly from 1 week up to 1 year postoperatively. All patients reported relief from the physical sequelae of breast hypertrophy. One patient experienced bilateral partial nipple desquamation; she maintained sensation throughout and healed well with moist dressings. Otherwise, there were no complications and all patients achieved satisfactory esthetic outcomes. Our results suggest that inferior pedicle technique can be successfully performed in patients with gigantomastia. Breast amputation with free nipple grafting need not be considered standard practice for this patient population. Maintaining a wider pedicle base and meticulous intraoperative handling of the pedicle may contribute to the increased viability of the nipple-areolar complex during these cases.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Avoiding Free Nipple Grafts During Reduction Mammaplasty in Patients With Gigantomastia

Lacerna

Spears²,

Mitra³

et al. 2005

Annals of Plastic Surgery

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“…Rather, the free nipple graft technique is recommended for large-volume reductions as being safer and having lower morbidity (9,10). This option has the advantage of rapid operative time and little blood loss but, unfortunately, leads to a flat breast with poor projection, which is not aesthetically pleasing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pedicle viability as the determinant factor for conversion to free nipple graft

Al-shaham¹

2010

CAN J PLAST SURG

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“…In patients with heavier breasts and where the suprasternal notchto-nipple distance is excessively long, nipple-areola grafting may be the method of choice. In such cases, the complication rate of this technique has been found to be much less than that of other techniques [7], but it also carries its familiar aesthetic limitations of loss of nipple projection, loss of sensitivity, and SO on.The other alternative to correction involves a host of nipple-areola transpositions. All methods of nipple translocation have one purpose in common: to Address reprint requests to Samuel A. Botta, M.D., 310 Eastern Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15215, USA insure an adequate blood supply to the nipple.…”

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Personal refinements in the single pedicle skoog technique for reduction mammaplasty

Botta

Rifai

1991

Aesth. Plast. Surg.

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A review of the Skoog technique for reduction mammaplasty is presented. A laterally based single pedicle is used for transposition of the nipple-areola flap, deriving its blood supply from a cutaneous vasculature. From our experience using this procedure in a majority of patients, we have developed specific refinements starting with the preoperative planning and including various modifications in the operative technique. The advantages of these refinements are discussed as well as their contribution to the final aesthetic result.

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Complications of Reduction Mammaplasty: Comparison of Nipple-areolar Graft and Pedicle

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Avoiding Free Nipple Grafts During Reduction Mammaplasty in Patients With Gigantomastia

Avoiding Free Nipple Grafts During Reduction Mammaplasty in Patients With Gigantomastia

Pedicle viability as the determinant factor for conversion to free nipple graft

Personal refinements in the single pedicle skoog technique for reduction mammaplasty

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