“…However, several studies on the components and functionalities of wasabi leaves have been conducted recently, showing that they contain flavonoids (Hosoya, Yun, & Kunugi, 2005), phenylpropanoids (Hosoya, Yun, & Kunugi, 2008), terpenoids (Yoshida, Hosoya, Inui, Masuda, & Kumazawa, 2015), and carotenoids (Yoshida et al, 2015). Meanwhile, the functional studies revealed that their effects include antioxidant (Hosoya et al, 2008) and anti-inflammatory activities (Yoshida et al, 2015). Interestingly, 5-hydroxyferulic acid methyl ester (1: 5-HFA ester; Figure 1), one of the phenylpropanoids isolated from wasabi leaves, but not isolated from other plants, showed both of these types of activity (Hosoya et al, 2008;Yoshida et al, 2015).…”