Component-based modelling of PEM fuel cells with bond graphs

Vasilyev, Andrey; Andrews, John; Jackson, Lisa M.; Dunnett, Sarah J.; Davies, Benjamin

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.09.004

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Aside from neglecting fluctuations in water content via the second assumption, these assumptions are common throughout PEMFC modeling [32,38,39]. Although water transport and flooding are critical phenomena which limit cell performance with low Pt loading [31,40,41], they are neglected here so that the impact of structure-property relationships can be evaluated in the absence of confounding impacts from uncertain water dynamics.…”

Section: Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physically Based Modeling of PEMFC Cathode Catalyst Layers: Effective Microstructure and Ionomer Structure–Property Relationship Impacts

Randall

DeCaluwe

2020

Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

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This work presents a pseudo-two-dimensional proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model incorporating Nafion ionomer structure–property relationships in the cathode catalyst layer (CL) to capture and explain losses at low Pt loading. Structural data from neutron reflectometry and thin film Nafion conductivity measurements predict variations in the oxygen diffusion coefficient and ionic conductivity with changing CL ionomer thickness and Pt loading. By including these structure–property relationships, predicted polarization curves agree closely with previously published experimental data from cells with Pt loadings between 0.025 and 0.2 mg/cm2. Results demonstrate that structure–property relationships based on physically measurable ionomer and CL properties provide a feasible interpretation of PEMFC CL phenomena for a range of Pt loadings and help explain previously unaccounted-for losses at low Pt. Results also show that simulations must account for surface species coverage variations in order to properly capture the kinetic losses. Finally, results suggest that an increase in ionomer thickness surrounding the C/Pt surfaces may lead to improved cell performance due to improved ionic conductivity.

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Section: Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physically Based Modeling of PEMFC Cathode Catalyst Layers: Effective Microstructure and Ionomer Structure–Property Relationship Impacts

Randall

DeCaluwe

2020

Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

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“…These empirical expressions relate the membrane resistivity with its water content. Some works [50] consider the water content parameter as an adjustable parameter; while others [51][52][53] calculate it using the expression relating the water content parameter with the water vapour activity, presented in [54]. Meanwhile, the hydraulic models are based on the model developed by Bernardi and Verbrugge [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis of the effect of temperature and inlet humidities on the parameters of a semiempirical model of the internal resistance of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Giner-Sanz

Ortega

Pérez-Herranz

2018

Journal of Power Sources

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The internal resistance of a PEM fuel cell depends on the operation conditions and on the current delivered by the cell. This work's goal is to obtain a semiempirical model able to reproduce the effect of the operation current on the internal resistance of an individual cell of a commercial PEM fuel cell stack; and to perform a statistical analysis in order to study the effect of the operation temperature and the inlet humidities on the parameters of the model. First, the internal resistance of the individual fuel cell operating in different operation conditions was experimentally measured for different DC currents, using the high frequency intercept of the impedance spectra. Then, a semiempirical model based on Springer and co-workers' model was proposed. This model is able to successfully reproduce the experimental trends. Subsequently, the curves of resistance versus DC current obtained for different operation conditions were fitted to the semiempirical model, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed 2 in order to determine which factors have a statistically significant effect on each model parameter. Finally, a response surface method was applied in order to obtain a regression model.

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“…A set of BG elements describing pneumatic and heat transfer phenomena are constructed for the two bipolar plates and for the anode and cathode sides, and BG elements describing electrochemical, transport and thermal phenomena representing the membrane electrode assembly [Saisset et al 2006]. Additionally, cooling channels and the end plates are implemented as separate components [Vasilyev et al 2017]. , and m H o 2 .…”

Section: Bond Graph Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison results of cell voltage and temperature curves between the model and test[Vasilyev et al 2017].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of bond graph modelling in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell fault diagnosis

Vasilyev¹,

Andrews²,

Mao³

et al. 2018

Safety and Reliability – Safe Societies in a Changing World

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As a possible alternative energy source, hydrogen fuel cells, especially Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells, have received much more attention in the last few decades, which have already been equipped in many applications. A series of studies have been devoted to PEM fuel cell fault diagnosis to ensure its reliability during its lifetime, but due to the complexity of PEM fuel cell systems and incomplete PEM fuel cell test protocols, it is difficult to test various PEM fuel cell failure modes, thus the performance of fault diagnostic techniques cannot be fully investigated. On this basis, it is necessary to develop a reliable PEM fuel cell model with capability of simulating various PEM fuel cell faults. In this study, a hybrid model is developed to represent the behavior of PEM fuel cells in both continuous and discrete-time domains. With a continuous-time domain sub-model, various aspects of PEM fuel cell behavior can be simulated, including fluid, thermal, and electro-chemical dynamics. Moreover, the PEM fuel cell failure modes are implemented with stochastic Petri nets in the discrete-time domain. Based on the developed hybrid model, various PEM fuel cell failure modes can be simulated and their effects on the system performance can be observed. With the simulated data under different conditions, the performance of fault diagnostic techniques can be better evaluated by studying their performance in different failure mode scenarios.

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Component-based modelling of PEM fuel cells with bond graphs

Cited by 34 publications

References 13 publications

Physically Based Modeling of PEMFC Cathode Catalyst Layers: Effective Microstructure and Ionomer Structure–Property Relationship Impacts

Physically Based Modeling of PEMFC Cathode Catalyst Layers: Effective Microstructure and Ionomer Structure–Property Relationship Impacts

Statistical analysis of the effect of temperature and inlet humidities on the parameters of a semiempirical model of the internal resistance of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

The use of bond graph modelling in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell fault diagnosis

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