Component-Resolved Diagnosis Based on a Recombinant Variant of Mus m 1 Lipocalin Allergen

Ferrari, Elena; Breda, Daniela; Spisni, Alberto; Burastero, Samuele E.

doi:10.3390/ijms24021193

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Figure S1 shows the results obtained from the analysis of the recombinant cat allergens via mass spectrometry. The theoretical molecular masses calculated for Fel d 1, Fel d 3, Fel d 4, Fel d 7 and Fel d 8, including the C-terminal hexa-histidine tags, were 18,942,11,864,20,664,19,302 and 24,766 Da, respectively. These calculated molecular masses were in good agreement with the masses determined via mass spectrometry (i.e., 19,128,11,695,20,639,19,687 and 24,719 Da) (Figure S1).…”

Section: Characterization Of Cat Allergen Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The molecular characterization of disease-causing allergen molecules has received a strong boost through the application of molecular biological techniques for allergen characterization [17,18]. Today, the molecular structures of many important allergens have been determined, and recombinant allergens resembling the allergen repertoire of complex allergen sources are available, offering possibilities for improved molecular allergy diagnosis and molecular forms of immunotherapy [18,19]. Regarding cats, eight cat allergen molecules have been described and are recorded in the IUIS allergen database [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allergenic Activity of Individual Cat Allergen Molecules

Trifonova,

Curin,

Riabova

et al. 2023

IJMS

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More than 10% of the world’s population suffers from an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy to cats which is accompanied mainly by respiratory symptoms such as rhinitis and asthma. Several cat allergen molecules have been identified, but their allergenic activity has not been investigated in depth. Purified cat allergen molecules (Fel d 1, Fel d 2, Fel d 3, Fel d 4, Fel d 6, Fel d 7 and Fel d 8) were characterized via mass spectrometry and circular dichroism spectroscopy regarding their molecular mass and fold, respectively. Cat-allergen-specific IgE levels were quantified via ImmunoCAP measurements in IgE-sensitized subjects with (n = 37) and without (n = 20) respiratory symptoms related to cat exposure. The allergenic activity of the cat allergens was investigated by loading patients’ IgE onto rat basophils expressing the human FcεRI receptor and studying the ability of different allergen concentrations to induce β-hexosaminidase release. Purified and folded cat allergens with correct masses were obtained. Cat-allergen-specific IgE levels were much higher in patients with a respiratory allergy than in patients without a respiratory allergy. Fel d 1, Fel d 2, Fel d 4 and Fel d 7 bound the highest levels of specific IgE and already-induced basophil degranulation at hundred-fold-lower concentrations than the other allergens. Fel d 1, Fel d 4 and Fel d 7 were recognized by more than 65% of patients with a respiratory allergy, whereas Fel d 2 was recognized by only 30%. Therefore, in addition to the major cat allergen Fel d 1, Fel d 4 and Fel d 7 should also be considered to be important allergens for the diagnosis and specific immunotherapy of cat allergy.

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Section: Characterization Of Cat Allergen Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergenic Activity of Individual Cat Allergen Molecules

Trifonova,

Curin,

Riabova

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the presence of bioactive molecules (e.g., proteolytic enzymes) in natural extracts may affect the stability of the allergen extract. Contamination of the natural allergen extract with proteins from other sources is also possible [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Extract-based and Component (Molecular) Immunological Allerg...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Technical Aspects of Molecular Allergy Diagnostics

Lis

Bartuzi

2023

CIMB

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Diagnosis of allergic diseases is a complex, multi-stage process. It often requires the use of various diagnostic tools. The in vitro diagnostics (IVD), which includes various laboratory tests, is one of the stages of this process. Standard laboratory tests include the measurement of the serum concentration of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) for selected allergens, full allergen extracts and/or single allergen components (molecules). The measurement of IgE sIgE to the allergen components is called molecular allergy diagnosis. During the standard laboratory diagnostic process, various models of immunochemical tests are used, which enable the measurement of sIgE for single allergens (one-parameter tests, singleplex) or IgE specific for many different allergens (multi-parameter tests, multiplex) in one test. Currently, there are many different test kits available, validated for IVD, which differ in the method type and allergen profile. The aim of the manuscript is to present various technical aspects related to modern allergy diagnostics, especially in the area of molecular allergy diagnostics.

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“…Almost all of these respiratory allergens have been characterized by dynamic markers using Western blotting, HPLc, and polymorphism, and have been identified by ELISA. Here, in addition we used IEDB Analysis Resource (Discotope 2.0) to predict the conformational epitopes of the heterogeneous molecules resulting from Mus m1, in order to standardize the murine lipocalin family [ 61 ].…”

Section: Proteomic Technologies For the Study Of Respiratory Allergiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of Proteomics in Respiratory Allergic Diseases

Galván-Morales

2023

IJMS

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Proteomics in respiratory allergic diseases has such a battery of techniques and programs that one would almost think there is nothing impossible to find, invent or mold. All the resources that we document here are involved in solving problems in allergic diseases, both diagnostic and prognostic treatment, and immunotherapy development. The main perspectives, according to this version, are in three strands and/or a lockout immunological system: (1) Blocking the diapedesis of the cells involved, (2) Modifications and blocking of paratopes and epitopes being understood by modifications to antibodies, antagonisms, or blocking them, and (3) Blocking FcεRI high-affinity receptors to prevent specific IgEs from sticking to mast cells and basophils. These tools and targets in the allergic landscape are, in our view, the prospects in the field. However, there are still many allergens to identify, including some homologies between allergens and cross-reactions, through the identification of structures and epitopes. The current vision of using proteomics for this purpose remains a constant; this is also true for the basis of diagnostic and controlled systems for immunotherapy. Ours is an open proposal to use this vision for treatment.

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Component-Resolved Diagnosis Based on a Recombinant Variant of Mus m 1 Lipocalin Allergen

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Allergenic Activity of Individual Cat Allergen Molecules

Allergenic Activity of Individual Cat Allergen Molecules

Selected Technical Aspects of Molecular Allergy Diagnostics

Perspectives of Proteomics in Respiratory Allergic Diseases

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