Componentes do rendimento, teores de isoflavonas, proteínas, óleo e qualidade de sementes de soja

Abstract

Palavras-chave: Glycine max, malonil, germinação, vigor. ISOFLAVONE, PROTEIN AND OIL CONTENTS AND SOYBEAN SEED QUALITYABSTRACT -Soybean seeds have been used not only for animal, but also for human nutrition because of the presence of proteins; lipids; some vitamins and polyphenolic compounds, such as isoflavones, in their chemical composition. The antioxidant activity of isoflavones may be considered a safe mechanism of seed quality. This is due to the deterioration theory which leads to a cellular detriment because of the action of free radicals on cell membranes. Experiments were carried out during the 2004/05 agricultural year in two different sowing locations (Maringá and Umuarama). The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield, physiological quality of seeds produced in two sowing locations; to determine oil, protein and isoflavone contents; as well as to correlate isoflavone contents to the yield, physiological quality and oil-protein contents of soybean seeds. The seed quality was evaluated by the germination test (first count and final count); the tetrazolium test (vigor and viability) and the concentration of oil, protein and isoflavone tests. Analysis of the isoflavone contents showed that the BRS 133 and EMBRAPA 48 cultivars presented the highest isoflavone contents whereas the BR 36 cultivar showed the lowest isoflavone contents in both places. Germination was above 80% in all cultivars tested in Maringá. The correlation between isoflavones and the weight of one thousand seeds was negative for both locations.

Biometric analysis of protein and oil contents of soybean genotypes in different environments

“…Sudaric et al (2006) also observed significant GxE interaction for protein and oil contents, and soybean cultivars with wide adaptability and phenotypic stability for these traits. The significant effects of environments on protein and oil contents were also reported by other authors (Fehr et al, 2003;Ávila et al, 2007;Albrecht et al, 2008).…”

Size, chlorophyll retention and protein and oil contents of grains from soybean plants grown in different spatial arrangements

“…The crop has high levels of protein; oil composed of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids; vitamins, mainly B-complex; P, K, Ca, Zn, and other minerals; and polyphenolic compounds such as isoflavones (ÁVILA et al, 2007;YIN;VYN, 2005). The main product obtained from soybean is protein meal, which is used as a feed for swine and poultry.…”

“…Oil and protein contents are affected by a cultivars intrinsic genetic factors, which may be mainly altered by environmental conditions during the soybean filling stage (ÁVILA et al, 2007;MINUZZI et al, 2009). Furthermore, the oil and protein content of soybeans may vary depending on location and crop management, like, plant spatial arrangement, which can modify plant structure and morphology (LUCA;HUNGRIA, 2014).…”

Eficiência de genótipos de soja no uso do fósforo

“…O complexo soja é de grande importância na balança comercial brasileira, sendo utilizada para diversas finalidades e também na alimentação humana e animal, além de ser uma importante fonte de matéria-prima para agroindústrias. Possui uma composição química quase completa para alimentação, pois é fornecedor de proteínas, ácidos graxos saturados e insaturados, algumas vitaminas e composto polifenólicos, tais como as isoflavonas (ÁVILA et al, 2007;SEDIYAMA et al, 2009). O grão de soja é composto em média 40% de proteínas e 20% de óleo, isso faz da cultura uma importante fonte proteica para complementação da dieta (BEZERRA, 2015).…”