Components of postural dyscontrol in the elderly: A review

Horak, Fay B.; Shupert, Charlotte L.; Mirka, Alar

doi:10.1016/0197-4580(89)90010-9

Cited by 823 publications

(558 citation statements)

References 85 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

510

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We would expect noise-like effects to be relatively independent of the external sensory environment. The fact that elderly exhibited different coordination than young with visual sway-referencing, points instead at increased dependence on visual inputs as has been reported by others [1,27,28]. Manchester et al [12] noted that body sway was greater when subjects' eyes were open in the dark than when their eyes were closed.…”

Section: Sway Was Significantly Increased With a Noticeable Change Inmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The increased incidence of falls in the older population suggests that one or more of these components degenerate with age. Diminished visual, vestibular, and somatosensory function and slowing of sensorimotor processing all occur with normal aging, and older people are also at higher risk for many diseases affecting the peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) [1]. The ability to weight and select sensory references adaptively may determine whether an elderly individual can compensate for mild pathologies and retain good postural control despite advanced age, or whether that individual will show significant disequilibrium [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Contributions of altered sensation and feedback responses to changes in coordination of postural control due to aging

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We used multivariate kinematics and joint torque measurements during dynamic posturography to determine the relative contributions of changes in overall control gain, relative weighting of sensors, and noise-like effects on posture control in the elderly. Our results show that sway coordination and amplitude both change with age, but that changes in overall feedback gains do not explain these differences. We propose that increased sway of elderly subjects in platform sway-referenced conditions is due to sensory noise or decreased ability to detect small motions of the platform, while increased sway during visual sway-referencing is due to re-weighting of the various sensors.

show abstract

Section: Sway Was Significantly Increased With a Noticeable Change Inmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of altered sensation and feedback responses to changes in coordination of postural control due to aging

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Normal aging slows the process of sensory reweighting, and consequently, lengthens the postural adaptation phase, when a particular source of sensory information used to control posture becomes unreliable Doumas and Krampe 2010;Horak et al 1989;Jeka et al 2006;Teasdale and Simoneau 2001). On the other hand, when a sufficiently long adaptation time is available and the environmental stimuli are gradually degraded, the sensory reweighting process of both healthy and fall-prone older adults seems to be efficient Jeka et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-dependent modulation of sensory reweighting for controlling posture in a dynamic virtual environment

Eikema

Hatzitaki

Tzovaras

et al. 2011

AGE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Older adults require more time to reweight sensory information for maintaining balance that could potentially lead to increased incidence of falling in rapidly changing or cognitively demanding environments. In this study, we manipulated the visual surround information during a collision avoidance task in order to investigate how young and elderly adults engage in sensory reweighting under conditions of visual anticipation. Sixteen healthy elderly (age: 71.5±4.9 years; height: 159.3±6.6 cm; mass: 73.3±3.3 kg) and 20 young (age: 22.8±3.3 years; height: 174.4±10.7 cm; mass: 70.1±13.9 kg) participants stood for 240 s on a force platform under two experimental conditions: quiet standing and standing while anticipating randomly approaching virtual objects to be avoided. During both tasks, the visual surround changed every 60 s from a stationary virtual scene (room) to either a moving room or darkness and then back to a stationary scene to evoke sensory reweighting processes. In quiet standing, elderly showed greater sway variability and were more severely affected by the removal or degradation of visual surround information when compared to young participants. During visual anticipation, sway variability was not different between the age groups. In addition, both young and elderly participants were similarly affected by the degradation or removal of the visual surround. These findings suggest that sensory reweighting in a dynamic virtual environment that evokes visual anticipation interacts with postural state anxiety regardless of age. Elderly show less efficient sensory reweighting in quiet standing due to greater visual field dependence possibly associated with fear of falling.

show abstract

“…Control of postural balance is a complex function involving numerous neuromuscular processes which are dependent upon sensory input from the vestibular, visual, and somatosensory systems [4,5]. Proprioception is a key component of the somatosensory system and is responsible for providing the central nervous system with afferent information used for neuromuscular control [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A kinematic analysis of relative stability of the lower extremities between subjects with and without chronic low back pain

Song²,

Lee³

et al. 2011

Eur Spine J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Even though a number of studies have evaluated postural adjustments based on kinematic changes in subjects with low back pain (LBP), kinematic stability has not been examined for abnormal postural responses during the one leg standing test. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative kinematic stability of the lower extremities and standing duration in subjects with and without chronic LBP. In total, 54 subjects enrolled in the study, including 28 subjects without LBP and 26 subjects with LBP. The average age of the subjects was 37.8 ± 12.6 years and ranged from 19 to 63 years. The outcome measures included normalized holding duration and relative kinematic stability. All participants were asked to maintain the test position without visual input (standing on one leg with his/her eyes closed and with the contra lateral hip flexed 90°) for 25 s. The age variable was used as a covariate to control confounding effects for the data analyses. The control group demonstrated significantly longer holding duration times (T = -2.78, p = 0.007) than the LBP group (24.6 ± 4.2 s vs. 20.5 ± 6.7 s). For the relative kinematic stability, there was a difference in dominance side (F = 9.91, p = 0.003). There was a group interaction between side and lower extremities (F = 11.79, p = 0.001) as well as an interaction between age and dominance side (F = 7.91, p = 0.007). The relative kinematic stability had a moderate negative relationship with age (r = -0.60, p = 0.007) in subjects without LBP. Clinicians need to understand the effects of age and relative stability, which decreased significantly in the single leg holding test, in subjects with LBP in order to develop effective rehabilitation strategies.

show abstract

Components of postural dyscontrol in the elderly: A review

Cited by 823 publications

References 85 publications

Contributions of altered sensation and feedback responses to changes in coordination of postural control due to aging

Contributions of altered sensation and feedback responses to changes in coordination of postural control due to aging

Age-dependent modulation of sensory reweighting for controlling posture in a dynamic virtual environment

A kinematic analysis of relative stability of the lower extremities between subjects with and without chronic low back pain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About