Components of Resistance to an Indian Source of <i>Cercospora Arachidicola</i> in Selected Peanut Lines1

Waliyar, F; McDonald, D.; Rao, P. Srinivasa; Reddy, P. M.

doi:10.3146/i0095-3679-20-2-7

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, for precise identification of resistant sources, knowledge on components and mechanisms of resistance are the prerequisites for successful breeding programs. Though earlier studies have identified several genotypes for foliar disease resistance (Waliyar et al 1993;Anderson et al 1993;Mehan et al 1996;Singh et al 1997), high degree of resistance to these diseases are not available. Moreover, differential field reaction of recently released peanut cultivars to these diseases is another problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Resistance to late leaf spot and rust diseases in ICRISAT’s mini core collection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Sudini

Upadhyaya

Reddy

et al. 2015

Australasian Plant Pathol.

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Late leaf spot (LLS) (Phaeoisariopsis personata) and rust (Puccinia arachidis) are major foliar diseases of peanut causing significant losses worldwide. Identification and infusion of resistance into peanut cultivars is important in the management of these diseases. The present study therefore aimed at screening the peanut mini core collection to identify potential sources of resistance to these diseases. Two separate field experiments were conducted for screening LLS and rust under artificial epiphytotic conditions during rainy seasons of 2012 and 2013 at ICRISAT, Patancheru, India. The trials were laid in a randomized complete block design on beds with three replications. Data on LLS and rust disease severities were collected using 1 to 9 scales at 75, 90 and 105 days after sowing (DAS), and pod yields were recorded at harvest. Results indicate significant variations among accessions for LLS and rust resistance. Mean of 2 years study revealed that 53 accessions were moderately resistant (MR), 86 accessions were susceptible (S) and 45 accessions were highly susceptible (HS) to LLS. For rust disease, 10 accessions were resistant (R), 115 accessions were with 'MR' reaction and 59 accessions with susceptible (S) reaction. Six superior accessions in terms of combined disease resistance and yield (ICGs 4389, 6993, 11426, 4746, 6022, 11088) were selected and the disease progress curves, for each, were generated. Highest yields were recorded with ICG 11426 in LLS and rust plots. Overall, our results indicate that these six accessions can be potential sources of LLS and rust resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Resistance to late leaf spot and rust diseases in ICRISAT’s mini core collection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Sudini

Upadhyaya

Reddy

et al. 2015

Australasian Plant Pathol.

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“…Resistance has different components, including percent defoliation, incubation (time from inoculation until the appearance of lesions) period, latency (time from inoculation until sporulation) period, lesion number and diameter, sporulation, and pod yield Chiteka et al 1988aChiteka et al , 1988bAnderson et al 1993;Waliyar et al 1993Waliyar et al , 1995. Some have argued that as yield is the primary objective in any resistance program, selection based on defoliation would probably be the most appropriate due to its high heritability and the fact that reductions in yield are attributed in large part to premature defoliation in diseased fields (Anderson et al 1991).…”

Section: Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anderson et al (1986) found significant differences among F 1 hybrids between relatively resistant and susceptible parents and argued that resistance to leaf spot may be controlled not only by recessive genes, but also by epistatic and additive alleles. In early leaf spot resistance studies, stability of resistance components has been found to vary across growing regions due to environmental interactions (Waliyar et al 1993;Chiteka et al 1997) as well as to differences in pathogen populations (Waliyar et al 1993) or to both (Chiteka et al 1997).…”

Section: Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marker‐Assisted Selection for Biotic Stress Resistance in Peanut

Burow¹,

Leal‐Bertioli²,

Simpson³

et al. 2013

Translational Genomics for Crop Breeding

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Peanut is the second-most important legum e grown worldwide. Cultivated peanut is a disomic tetraploid, 2n-4 x -40, with limited genetic diversity due to a genetic bottleneck in formation o f the polyploid from ancestors A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. Consequently, resistance_to biotic stresses is limited in the cultigen; however, w ild species possess strong resistances. Transfer o f these re sistances is hindered by differences o f ploidy, but production o f synthetic amphidiploids, coupled with use o f m olecular markers, enables efficient gene transfer. Marker maps have been made from interspecific crosses, and SSR-based maps from cultivated parents have been developed recently. At least 410 resistance gene analogues have been identified. The first markers for biotic stress tolerance were for root-knot nematode resistance and introgressed from one A. cardenasii chromosome. These and improved markers have been used for marker-assisted backcrossing, contributing to release o f three cultivars. Additional QTLs have been identified since.Early and late leafspots cause significant yield losses worldwide, and resistance depends on multiple genes. U sing interspecific populations, five resistance QTLs for early leafspot were identified using greenhouse inoculations, and five QTLs for late leafspot were identified using detached leaf assays. U sing cultivated species populations, 28 QTLs were identified for LLS resistance; all but one w ere minor QTLs; the major QTL was donated by an interspecific introgression line parent. Rust often occurs alongside leafspots, and rust resistance was characterized as one major QTL, plus several smaller QTLs. Marker-assisted backcrossing o f this major QTL has been performed into different populations. QTLs for resistance to other biotic stresses have been identified, namely to groundnut rosette virus, Sclerotinia blight, afiatoxin contamination, aphids, and tomato spotted w ilt virus. Marker-assisted breeding is still in early stages, and develop ment o f more rapid and inexpensive markers from transcriptome and genom e sequencing is expected to accelerate progress.

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“…Resistance to late leaf spot (LLS) (Cercosporidium personatum) has multiple components, including percent defoliation, incubation period, latency period, lesion number and diameter, sporulation, and pod yield (Green and Wynne, 1986;Chiteka et al, 1988aChiteka et al, , 1988bAnderson et al, 1993;Waliyar et al, 1993Waliyar et al, , 1995. High levels of resistance have also been associated with low yield suggesting linkage or pleotropic effects (Iroume and Knauft, 1987), thus breeding for high yielding cultivars with resistance requires this linkage to be broken.…”

Section: Introgression Of Qtls With the Aid Of Molecular Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of Diploid Peanut Relatives for Breeding and Genomics

et al. 2013

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Collection, evaluation, and introgression research has been conducted with Arachis species for more than 60 years. Eighty species in the genus have been described and additional species will be named in the future. Extremely high levels of disease and insect resistances to immunity have been observed in many species of the genus as compared to the cultivated peanut, which makes them extremely important for crop improvement. Many thousands of interspecific hybrids have been produced in the genus, but introgression has been slow because of genomic incompatibilities and sterility of hybrids. Genomics research was initiated during the late 1980s to characterize species relationships and investigate more efficient methods to introgress genes from wild species to A. hypogaea. Relatively low density genetic maps have been created from inter-and intra-specific crosses, several of which have placed disease resistance genes into limited linkage groups. Of particular interest is associating molecular markers with traits of interest to enhance breeding for disease and insect resistances. Only recently have sufficiently large numbers of markers become available to effectively conduct marker assisted breeding in peanut. Future analyses of the diploid ancestors of the cultivated peanut, A. duranensis and A. ipaensis, will allow more detailed characterization of peanut genetics and the effects of Arachis species alleles on agronomic traits. Extensive efforts are being made to create populations for genomic analyses of peanut, and introgression of genes from wild to cultivated genotypes should become more efficient in the near future.

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Components of Resistance to an Indian Source of Cercospora Arachidicola in Selected Peanut Lines1

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Resistance to late leaf spot and rust diseases in ICRISAT’s mini core collection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Resistance to late leaf spot and rust diseases in ICRISAT’s mini core collection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Marker‐Assisted Selection for Biotic Stress Resistance in Peanut

The Value of Diploid Peanut Relatives for Breeding and Genomics

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