Components responsible for the surface tension of human tears

Nagyová, B; Tiffany, John M.

doi:10.1076/ceyr.19.1.4.5341

Cited by 223 publications

(144 citation statements)

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“…See Section 4 for details. also reported that the equilibrium and maximal surface pressures achieved by tears from "healthy eyes" (where TF is stable for more than 15 s) is about 5 mN/m higher than the surface pressures of samples from "dry eyes" (where TF ruptures after less than 10 s) [8,28]. Again DPPC has more profound influence on max than SM, particularly in compositions with low PL amount.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Both PL also increased the maximal surface pressures achieved by the pseudo-binary films during compression. The tear film lipid layer is the key compound responsible for the surface tension of the natural tears [4,5,8]. The increase of its capability to reach high surface pressures (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then samples were weighted, dissolved in chloroform at concentration 1 mg lipid/ml and stored at −80 • C until used. The composition of the samples was checked by thin layer chromatography (data not shown) using hexane/ether/acetic acid (80:20:2, v/v) as in [8] and revealed presence mainly of wax and sterol esters; phosphorylated PLs were not detected. For molecular weight of MGS we accepted 720 Da as this value was used in previous works [18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…there in]. In addition some older [8] and some very recent investigations [9,10] show that variety of polar lipids present in the tear's aqueous layer which therefore can serve as a potential source of polar lipid (PL) molecules for the air/tear interface. Thus currently unclear remain the origin of PLs, whether they present and in what amount in the surface lipid layer of tears, and what is their eventual role for TF functionality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions of Meibomian gland secretion with polar lipids in Langmuir monolayers

Georgiev

Kutsarova

Jordanova

et al. 2010

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

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a b s t r a c tThe surface interactions of Meibomian gland secretion (MGS) with polar lipid (PL), Egg Sphingomyelin (SM) or Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), are studied in mixed pseudo-binary films formed at the air/water interface of Langmuir surface balance. The behavior of the mixed films during slow quasi-equilibrium compression and during fast dynamic compression-decompression is registered by measurements of surface pressure and surface potential, and by monitoring film morphology with Brewster Angle Microscopy (BAM). Quasi-equilibrium compression isotherms are used to calculate the excess Gibbs and Helmholtz energy of mixing between MGS and PLs and thus to evaluate the interactions between the lipid compounds at the interface. The effects of PLs on the mixed film's elastic moduli of area compressibility, morphology and capability to attain high surface pressures are also examined.PLs interact with MGS with different strength and in different manner: MGS-SM interaction is weak and might lead to interfacial disaggregation of the thick meibium domains when SM is in excess, while MGS-DPPC interaction is strong and results in the formation of thick lipid aggregates. Both PLs increase the mixed films reciprocal compressibility and capability to achieve higher surface pressures. The results demonstrate that in vitro studies of the surface interactions between MGS and PLs might be beneficial in the selection of PLs for artificial tear formulations and for examination on molecular scale of the possible role of PLs at the ocular surface.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Interactions of Meibomian gland secretion with polar lipids in Langmuir monolayers

Georgiev

Kutsarova

Jordanova

et al. 2010

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

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“…The polar lipids reside at the aqueous interface, while the non-polar lipids reside above. A study by Nagyová and Tiffany [21] found almost no dissolved lipid in tears extracted from human eyes, indicating that both components of the lipid layer are insoluble. The mucus layer is secreted from cells which are situated in the conjunctival epithelium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Polar Lipids on Tear Film Dynamics

2010

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In this paper we present a mathematical model describing the effect of polar lipids on the evolution of a precorneal tear film, with the aim of explaining the interesting experimentally observed phenomenon that the tear film continues to move upwards even after the upper eyelid has become stationary. The polar lipid is an insoluble surface species that locally alters the surface tension of the tear film. In the lubrication limit, the model reduces to two coupled nonlinear partial differential equations for the film thickness and the concentration of lipid. We solve the system numerically and observe that the presence of the lipid causes an increase in flow of liquid up the eye. We further exploit the size of the parameters in the problem to explain the initial evolution of the system.

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Ocular Drug Delivery

Rupenthal

Alany

2010

Pharmaceutical Sciences Encyclopedia

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Due to the accessibility of the eye surface, topical administration of ophthalmic medications is the most common method for treating conditions affecting the exterior eye surface. Various ocular delivery systems, such a ointments, suspensions, micro‐ and nanocarriers, and liposomes, have been investigated during the past two decades. This article focuses on the topical application of drugs to the surface of the eye and discusses the most recent formulation approaches in this area.

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Components responsible for the surface tension of human tears

Abstract: The surface tension of tears is due to a complex of tear lipocalin with a polar lipid fraction extractable from tears by lipid solvents and different from meibomian lipid. Lipocalin and this lipid fraction may be secreted together by the lacrimal gland.

Cited by 223 publications

References 8 publications

Interactions of Meibomian gland secretion with polar lipids in Langmuir monolayers

Interactions of Meibomian gland secretion with polar lipids in Langmuir monolayers

The Effect of Polar Lipids on Tear Film Dynamics

Ocular Drug Delivery

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