Comportement in vitro d'embryons zygotiques de chêne liège (Quercus suber L.) excisés à divers stades de leur développement

Maâtaoui, Mohamed El; Espagnac, H.

doi:10.1051/forest:19890532

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In contrast El Maa Ãtaoui and Espangnac (1987) used Q. suber leaves from two different seed sources for the induction of embryogenesis, but they did not observe any genotypic effect.…”

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…At the developmental stage the frequency of the initiation of somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos is strongly related to the developmental stage of the zygotic embryo. This phenomenon has been observed in many species such as Q. rubra, Q. robur, Q. canariensis, Q. acutissima and Q. suber with the optimal induction time being between 5 and 10 wk after anthesis (El Maa Ãtaoui and Espangnac, 1989;Gingas and Lineberger, 1989;Chalupa, 1990;Bueno et al, 1992;Kim et al, 1997;Endemann and Wilhelm, 1999). This period normally corresponds to the heart-shaped and early cotyledonary stage of the zygotic embryo.…”

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…El Maa Ãtaoui and Espangnac (1987), Fe Âraud-Keller et al (1989) and El Maa Ãtaoui et al (1990) have observed callus from Q. suber internodes and petioles from Q. ilex. In histological investigations the first cell divisions started 3 d after explanting, where cells of meristematic appearance with dense cytoplasm and a centrally positioned nucleus were formed in the deepest layers of the cortical parenchyma cells.…”

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This period normally corresponds to the heart-shaped and early cotyledonary stage of the zygotic embryo. In Q. suber (El Maa Ãtaoui and Espangnac, 1989;Bueno et al, 1992), Q. rubra (Gingas and Lineberger, 1989), Q. robur (Chalupa, 1987;Endemann and Wilhelm, 1999) and Q. acutissima (Kim et al, 1997) a high percentage (up to 100%) of the explanted material responded with SE formation regardless of media type or PGR type. During that period even PGRs are not required, which was demonstrated in Q. rubra (Gingas and Lineberger, 1989), Q. suber and Q. robur (Endemann and Wilhelm, 1999), whereas PGR supplements significantly enhanced the reactivity.…”

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This process has been observed often in both immature and mature zygotic tissue. The primary somatic embryos arose directly from the cotyledon surfaces of Q. pubescens, Q. suber, Q. rubra and Q. alba explanted after 5 d to 4 wk in culture (El Maa Ãtaoui and Espangnac, 1989;Gingas and Lineberger, 1989). Similar observations have been also made in Q. robur, when embryogenic structures became visible after 3±4 wk (Endemann and Wilhelm, 1999).…”

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Somatic embryogenesis in oak (Quercus spp.)

Wilhelm

2000

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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The present review summarizes the factors involved in controlling the process of oak somatic embryogenesis as a method for vegetative plant propagation and includes also data on artificial seed production, cryopreservation and transformation. One major limitation, the inability to initiate embryogenic cultures from mature trees, has been recently overcome. Leaves from selected cork oak trees with an age of 50 yr and more have been used to initiate somatic embryogenesis (SE) with a frequency of up to 20%. These findings offer encouraging prospects for cloning proven superior plant material and to integrate this propagation system into tree improvement programs. Once the process of SE has been initiated, the multiplication cycle proceeds via secondary embryogenesis, which can be maintained indefinitely. Problems are reported by the formation of anomalous embryos. The mutability of somatic embryogenic cell lines of various oak species has been monitored by flow cytometry and molecular markers. No somaclonal variation was detected applying random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) or amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, whereas DNAcontent measurements via flow cytometry revealed tetraploidy in some cell lines after several years of continuous subculture. Maturation and low germination frequencies are the main bottlenecks for a broader use of this technique. Recently attention has been on embryo quality and parameters for conversion capacity such as high endogenous cytokinin level and low abscisic acid (ABA) level. Although oak is probably the species that is the most well-developed system for a broadleaved forest tree, data on growth performances of somatic embryo-derived plants are rare.

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“…In contrast El Maa Ãtaoui and Espangnac (1987) used Q. suber leaves from two different seed sources for the induction of embryogenesis, but they did not observe any genotypic effect.…”

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Somatic embryogenesis in oak (Quercus spp.)

Wilhelm

2000

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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In vitro floral induction from thin longitudinal sections and micro-cuttings of juvenile cork oak material

Mulin

Pais

2003

Trees

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In vitro flowers were obtained from thin longitudinal sections excised at the proximity of the apical region or nodal regions of the main stem and axillary shoots of in vitro Quercus suber stock shoots as well as from field-grown seedlings. In vitro floral induction was also achieved from nodal segments of 8to 9-month-old seedlings or from micro-cuttings of embryonic main shoot and its axillary shoots of 2month-old seedlings. The more juvenile the material the shorter the period required to achieve flowering. Under the described experimental conditions we have thus been able to induce the expression of neoteny in a woody, longcycle species such as cork oak.

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Induction of somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos and young apical leaves in cork oak (Quercus suber L.)

et al. 2021

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The present work aims to study the induction of somatic embryogenesis in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) from immature zygotic embryos and young apical leaves obtained from 2-month-old seedlings through acorn germination on sterilized peat. The immature zygotic embryos were grown for 1 month on the mineral solution of MS in the presence of 4.52 μM 2,4-D and 30 g/L sucrose. They were then transferred to the same mineral solution with no added growth regulators. In the third subculture, yellow somatic embryos, characterized by two voluminous cotyledons, were differentiated from the radicle of the immature zygotic embryos. The induction of somatic embryogenesis in young leaves required a series of transfers on different culture media containing 30 g/L sucrose and 100 mg/L myo-inositol. Secondary or recurrent somatic embryogenesis occurred within the immature somatic embryo radicles after 1 month of culture on growth regulator-free medium containing WPM macronutrients, MS micronutrients, and vitamins.

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Comportement in vitro d'embryons zygotiques de chêne liège (Quercus suber L.) excisés à divers stades de leur développement

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Somatic embryogenesis in oak (Quercus spp.)

Somatic embryogenesis in oak (Quercus spp.)

In vitro floral induction from thin longitudinal sections and micro-cuttings of juvenile cork oak material

Induction of somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos and young apical leaves in cork oak (Quercus suber L.)

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