Composição florística e estrutura da comunidade vegetal em diferentes fitofisionomias do Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso

Abstract

ResumoEsta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a composição e estrutura de comunidade vegetal de quatro fitofisionomias no Pantanal de Poconé, estado de Mato Grosso, partindo do pressuposto de que cada grupo de amostras constitui um tipo de comunidade e haverá um grupo correspondente de espécies que caracterizam a comunidade em particular. Foram implantadas cinco parcelas de 50 × 50 m e subdivididas em subparcelas de 10 ×10 m. Foram considerados na amostragem os indivíduos com CAP (circunferência a altura do peito) ≥ 10 cm. A similaridade florística e estrutural entre as quatro fitofisionomias foram avaliadas pelo método de agrupamento por médias não ponderadas -UPGMA, com uso do coeficiente de Jaccard e Bray-Curtis. Foi utilizada a DCA para ordenação das parcelas e TWINSPAN para análise de espécies indicadoras para as fitofisionomias. Nas quatro fitofisionomias foram amostradas 55 espécies pertencentes a 30 famílias. A UPMGA indicou diferenças florística e estrutural entre cambarazal, floresta semidecidual e cerrado sensu stricto e campo de murundu e similaridade entre as formações semideciduais. A DCA ordenou as fitofisionomias de acordo com o gradiente de inundação e a TWINSPAN indicou a existência de espécies indicadoras para as fitofisionomia. Palavras-chave: pulso de inundação, espécies indicadoras. AbstractThe aim of this research was to analyze the composition and structure of the plant community in four phytophysiognomies at Pantanal Poconé-Mato Grosso, assuming that each sample group is a type of community, and there would be a corresponding group of species that characterize that community. We set up five plots of 50 × 50 m and subdivided each one into subplots of 10 × 10 m. In each subplot, individuals with CAP (circunference at breast height) ≥ 10 cm were sampled. To check the structural and floristic similarity of the five vegetation types the unweighted averages grouping method was used -UPGMA, with Jaccard's coefficient and Bray-Curtis, respectively. DCA ordination of plots was used for inundation gradient analysis and TWINSPAN indicator species groups for the three strata. In the four areas 55 species belonging to 30 families were sampled. The UPMGA indicated floristic and structural differences between "cambarazal", savanna types and "campo de murundu" and similarity between the semideciduous formations. The DCA separated the vegetation types according to the level of flooding and TWINSPAN indicated the existence of typical species for each vegetation type. In the Pantanal, some species may be restricted to certain types of vegetation, and these species can be used as indicators of the effect of flooding and possible changes in flood pulse dynamics in plant communities.

Ground-dwelling spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in different vegetational formations in a Neotropical floodplain

“…These movements cause assemblages that occupy seasonally flooded areas to come into contact with those who occupy non-floodable habitats. Although this study was conducted in the Pantanal during the dry season, it is possible to infer that the murundu fields and forested areas mountain ranges act as places of refuge for edaphic organisms, since these areas are not directly affected by seasonal flooding (e. g. Battirola et al, 2009;De Morais et al, 2013). This movement would allow the occurrence of species from both wetland habitats and non-floodable habitats in one place, increasing the similarity between assemblages, even in different habitats and seasonal periods.…”

Canopy Ant Assemblage (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Two Vegetation Formations in the Northern Brazilian Pantanal

“…Unlike the cambarazais, the cordilheiras located on higher portions of land in the Pantanal floodplain are not subject to inundation during the high water season, and can be used as areas of refuge for local fauna (Guarim-Neto, 1992;Silva et al, 2000;Nunes-da-Cunha et al, 2011;Morais et al, 2013). In addition to permanent stability due to the absence of seasonal flooding, the higher diversity of tree species gives rise to a greater variety and distribution of resources in comparison to monodominant forests (e. g. Mausdsley, 2000).…”

“…(Vochysiaceae) and Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand (Burseraceae) (Silva et al, 2000;Nunes-da-Cunha et al, 2010;Morais et al, 2013).…”

Phenology of Promestosoma boggianii (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae) in a Neotropical floodplain

“…The A1 area is characterized by non-floodable cordilheira (hilly/mountainous formations with dense arboreal savanna) (Silva et al 2000, Nunes-da-Cunha et al 2007, Fantin-Cruz et al 2010, while fields of murundus (mounds of land constructed by termites which project above the floodline) predominate the sampling points within the floodplain areas of A1. There is also established cerrado (savanna) woodland vegetation present in areas not susceptible to inundation (Oliveira-Filho 1992, Nunes-da-Cunha et al 2007, De Morais et al 2013.…”