Composite materials obtained from textile fiber residue

Abstract

This article presents the use of fibers residue from textile industry to minimize environmental problems associated with material accumulation. Composite materials utilizing textile fiber residues and high density polyethylene were prepared. Effect of treatment with hot water on fibers to prepare composites was studied to provide an improvement in mechanical properties of these materials. This treatment on fibers was evaluated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Experimental results of mechanical properties indicated higher mechanical strength for treated fiber composites compared to the untreated fiber composites.

Effect of Alkaline and Hot Water Treatments on the Structure and Morphology of Piassava Fibers

“…In the case of fiber treated with hot water at 75ºC, an increase in the intensity of the cellulose peak can be observed, as its crystallinity index was the second heighest when compared to the untreated ("in natura") fibers. This result is in agreement with those obtained by Mulinari et al 21 who also observed that fibers from textile residues treated thermally at 100ºC were more crystalline than untreated fibers.…”

“…However, the SEM analysis showed that defibrillation of the thermally treated fibers occurred with reduction of the fiber diameter (Figure 3d). Mulinari et al 21 also observed that the fibers from the textile residue were modified through a heat treatment at 100ºC, acquiring flattened forms. In addition, all the fibers presented pore size consistent with mesopore classification 35 .…”

“…The process also modifies the surface of the fiber in terms of increased roughness, breaking some microfibril bundles, leading to defibrillation and individualization of microfibrils 3 . Therefore, many literature studies report surface modifications with sodium hydroxide of jute fibers, sisal, hemp, flax 3,15,[19][20] ; however, few studies have been proposed for modifying the surface of fiber residues, a by-product from manufacturing processes of vegetal fibers 21 .…”

“…Our motivation is based on results by others [20][21][22] , comparing the effects of surface modifications with alkali treatment and hot water. Some studies [20][21][22] claim that hot water treatment is less aggressive the fiber surface, it does not cause deterioration of the primary cell wall (S1), and only removes non-cellulosic components degrading at low temperature. Hot water treatments also do not generate toxic products that are harmful to the environment.…”

Effect of surface modification of poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole fiber with lanthanum salt on flexural and tribological properties of composite with polyimide

“…Fiber-reinforced polymers are attractive because they are able to provide a beneficial balance between the traditional properties of a polymer (such as low part weight and ease of processability) and selective properties of metals (such as high strength, modulus, and toughness). 1 The low cost, ease of fabricating of complex parts, and isotropic nature are the attractive features leading to the selection of short fiber reinforced composites for large-scale production. 2 Among polymer matrix resins, aromatic polyimide, being widely applicable engineering plastics, exhibits numerous excellent properties such as high mechanical strength, high wear resistance, good thermal stability, high stability under vacuum, good anti-radiation as well as solvent resistance and so on.…”