Utilization
of solar energy to induce photocatalytic reaction is
receiving large attention from the scientific community because of
its enhanced potential to address energy and environmental issues.
Catalysts that absorb light energy to perform a particular reaction
show various applications with great importance in the present world.
Water splitting and hydrogen production are appealing technologies
for clean, green, and renewable fuel sources. Therefore, it is necessary
to summarize the technological progress in the field of photocatalysis
along with its future challenges. The special physiochemical, morphological,
and structural properties of titanium dioxide-based nanostructured
materials encourage researchers to explore its environmental remediation
and energy applications. In this Review, we are revealing the current
and past research works executed on TiO2-based nanostructures
for enhanced photocatalytic applications. Nanosized TiO2 with modifiers exhibit notable photocatalytic reaction toward hydrogen
production, CO2 reduction, nitrogen fixation, pollutant
removal, etc. A comprehensive encapsulation of various synthesis methods
and applications of titanium-based photocatalysts is explained. Additionally,
we highlighted the ongoing challenges and opportunities in this area,
which will stimulate further testing and exploration to this discipline
and successively lead to new discoveries for environmental remediation
and energy applications.