Composite proton exchange membrane for fuel cells based on chitosan modified by acid-base amphoteric nanoparticles

Recent advances in non-perfluorinated sulfonic acid proton exchange membranes in the energy field

“…GPS-X exhibited excellent mechanical properties and proton conductivity, successfully improving the mechanical properties and proton conductivity of the composite membrane. Fan et al 75 synthesized PDA-ADPS through a Michael addition reaction and incorporated it into a CS matrix to prepare CS/PDA-ADPS composite membranes (Fig. 6b).…”

“…However, water absorption decreases due to the emergence and strengthening of the agglomeration phenomenon within the membrane. 119 Fan et al 75 prepared the CS/PDA-ADPS composite membrane, which exhibited high water absorption and low swelling. This can be attributed to the uniformly dispersed PDA-ADPS in the matrix, reducing the membrane's crystallinity and consequently increasing its water storage capacity.…”

“…The enhanced oxidative stability is attributed to the establishment of a synergistic effect between PDVF and fluorinated sulfonic acid functionalized agglomerated phosphagens. The CS/PDA-ADPS composite membrane prepared by Fan et al 75 improved the oxidative stability of the membrane material by incorporating PDA and adjusting the distribution of PDA-ADPS in the CS matrix (Fig. 15b).…”

“…This provides an effective strategy for preparing new polymer alloy membranes. The CS/PDA-ADPS-5% composite membrane, synthesized by Fan et al , 75 when used in a methanol fuel cell, demonstrated a maximum output power density of 30.2 mW cm −2 (2 M methanol, 2 M H 2 SO 4 , 70 °C) at 70 °C. Additionally, it exhibited an open-circuit voltage of 0.68 V at the same temperature.…”