Composition and amino acid content of carcass, skin and feathers of the growing gosling

Nitsan, Zafrira; Dvorin, A.; Nir, I.

doi:10.1080/00071688108447866

Cited by 46 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This may be attributed to a greater proportion of feathers in the laying-type birds in the first weeks of life. As compared to feather-free whole body protein, feather protein is characterized by a high concentration of cysteine (Nitsan et al, 1981;Stilborn et al, 1997). Due to the smaller body size of SG compared to FG genotype, feather protein contributes more to the whole body in laying-type chickens than in broilers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens

Zelenka¹,

Heger²,

Kráčmar³

et al. 2011

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Allometric growth of body constituents and apparent efficiency of amino acid and nitrogen retention were examined in slow-growing laying-type cockerels (SG) and in fast-growing male broiler hybrids (FG) during the growth period from hatch to Day 22. The respective allometric coefficients for water, protein (N × 6.25), ash and fat in relation to body weight were 0.971, 1.080, 1.096 and 1.284 for SG chickens and 0.977, 1.099, 0.993, and 1.198 for FG chickens. The respective allometric coefficients describing the relationships of water, fat and ash weight with protein weight were 0.894, 1.014, and 1.186 for SG chickens and 0.893, 0.910, and 1.097 for FG chickens. High allometric coefficients for ash in both genotypes likely indicate the rapid growth of skeletal tissues which requires adequate mineral nutrition during this period of growth. The deposition of ash relative to protein was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in SG chickens thus suggesting that the relative growth of ash may be affected by genotype. Allometric coefficients relating amino acids to body protein were less than unity in most cases which indicates that an increasing amount of nonprotein N is deposited in the body with advancing age. Except for cysteine, the apparent efficiency of amino acid retention was lower in SG as compared to FG chickens. The high retention efficiency of cysteine in SG genotype was likely associated with the conversion of surplus methionine to cysteine, required for feather protein synthesis in laying-type birds at an early age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens

Zelenka¹,

Heger²,

Kráčmar³

et al. 2011

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…The ability of the goose to consume large quantities of feed may make it an interesting model in using forage material for the production of edible carcass protein. (March 1987) feathers as well as body fat (Nitsan and Nir 1977;Nitsan et al 1981;Fortin et al 1983;Stevenson 1985). Several studies have investigated the protein and/or amino acid report of Hollister et al (1984) in which diets varying in calorie:protein ratios were fed, it appears that dietary protein has not been a limiting factor in most goose feeding trials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of the fat content of the breast meat would come from the skin which, in the goose, makes up a relatively high portion of the breast weight (Nitsan et al 1981). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcass Composition and Protein Utilization of Embden Geese Fed Varying Levels of Dietary Protein Supplemented With Lysine and Methionine

Summers¹,

Hurnik²,

Leeson³

1987

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…The amino acids Pro, Lys, His and Cys were specifically affected by feather changes, and changes in connective tissues and muscles and their proportions in the body. In contrast, Nitsan et al (1981) who studied the AA composition of the body, skin and feathers of goslings from hatching to Day 42 of age, did not notice any effect of age. They found that gosling feather proteins are characterised by higher levels of Cys, Ser, Pro, Val and Tyr compared to the body and skin proteins.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Changes In Aa Levels In Chicken Dry Body Mattermentioning

confidence: 73%

Levels of nitrogenous substances and amino acids in bodies of Ross 308 hybrid cocks and hens over the course of rearing

Straková¹,

Suchý²,

Navrátil³

et al. 2015

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Over the course of Ross 308 hybrid broiler chick cock and hen rearing, whole chicken bodies including feathers were monitored for changes in the levels of nitrogenous substances, essential amino acids (EAA) and non-essential amino acids (NEAA). At five-day intervals (Days 1, 5, 9, 15, 20, 26, 30, 35 and 40 of rearing), randomly selected chickens were slaughtered after 24 h of fasting. Over the course of rearing, N-substance levels ranged from 629.1 to 429.0 g/kg dry matter in hen bodies and from 616.0 to 477.3 g/kg dry matter in cock bodies. N-substance levels were statistically significantly different in the two sexes on rearing Days 35 and 40 (P ≤ 0.01). The levels of all amino acids (AA) in dry body matter of chickens up to 15 days of age dropped significantly over time, while in the period from Day 20 to Day 40, some AA levels increased or reached the baseline. With most AA, the levels were lower in hens than in cocks over the course of the trial. At the end of the trial (Days 35 and 40), statistically significant differences between the sexes were found for most EAA (P ≤ 0.01; P ≤ 0.05). NEAA, except for Ser and Ala, were also significantly higher in cocks on Days 35 and 40 (P ≤ 0.01; P ≤ 0.05). Among the monitored EAA, the dry matter of the bodies of hens exhibited the highest levels of Leu, 8.70% on average, followed by Val 6.54%, Lys 5.26%, Ile 5.25%, Thr 4.84%, Phe 4.30%, Tyr 2.51% and Met 2.21%. Leu was also the most abundant in the cock bodies, 8.42% on average, followed by Val 6.30%, Lys 5.36%, Ile 5.06%, Thr 4.57%, Phe 4.45%, Tyr 2.88% and Met 2.17%. Knowledge of the levels of nitrogenous substances, EAA and NEAA in the whole bodies of broiler chickens including feathers will help to determine optimal rearing conditions.

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Composition and amino acid content of carcass, skin and feathers of the growing gosling

Cited by 46 publications

References 11 publications

Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens

Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens

Carcass Composition and Protein Utilization of Embden Geese Fed Varying Levels of Dietary Protein Supplemented With Lysine and Methionine

Levels of nitrogenous substances and amino acids in bodies of Ross 308 hybrid cocks and hens over the course of rearing

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