Composition and Characterization of tRNA from Methanococcus vannielii

Best, Audrey N.

doi:10.1128/jb.133.1.240-250.1978

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, even in this regard M. capricolum is not unique. Mixed tRNA preparations from several other procaryotes (Mycobacterium smegmatis [39], Thermus thermophilus [41], Methanobacter vaniellii [4], and Micrococcus luteum [10]) appear to contain unmodified U or odd variants of m5U in the "universal" loop IV sequence that usually contains the m5U residue, and animal mitochondrial tRNA lacks this sequence entirely (38). Clearly, the m5U that is so plentiful in tRNA from Enterobacteriaceae and Bacillus is not essential for the function of tRNA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylation patterns of mycoplasma transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acid

HsuChen¹,

Dubin²

1980

J Bacteriol

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The methylation patterns of transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acid (RNA) from two mycoplasmas, Mycoplasma capricolum and Acholeplasma laidlawii, have been examined. The transfer RNA from the two thycoplasmas resembled that of other procaryotes in degree of methylation and general diversity of methylated nucleotides, and bore particular resemblance to Bacillus subtilis transfer RNA. The only unusual feature was the absence of m5U from M. capricolum transfer RNA. The methylation patterns of the mycoplasma 16S RNAs were also typically procaryotic, retaining the methylated residues previously shown to be highly conserved among eubacterial 16S RNAs. The mycoplasma 23S RNA methylation patterns were, on the other hand, quite unusual. M. capricolum 23S RNA contained only four methylated residues in stoichiometric amounts, all of which were ribose methylated. A. laidlawii 23S RNA contained the same ribose-methylated residues, plus in addition approximately six m5U residues. These findings are discussed in relation to the phylogenetic status of mycoplasma, as well as the possible role of RNA methylation.Mycoplasmas, or, more precisely, members of the class Mollicutes, are generally considered to constitute a group of organisms separate from other procaryotes such as the eubacteria. In addition to the prime taxonomic characteristic defining the group, the absence of a cell wall, mycoplasmas occupy an extreme evolutionary position with regard to their small cell and genome sizes (see references 20, 32, and 43).We have examined the methylation patterns of rRNA and tRNA from two mycoplasmas, with two aims in mind. In view of the relative evolutionary preservation of such patterns (e.g., references 12, 23, 25, and 30) we hoped they might provide new insights on the phylogenetic status of mycoplasmas, and in view of the limited quantity of genetic information in mycoplasmal genomes we hoped to obtain clues as to the possible relative dispensability of the various methylated residues of more conventional RNA. We examined one species from each of the two main mycoplasma families, Mycoplasma capricolum and Acholeplasma laidlawii. The results for tRNA and 16S rRNA indicated that mycoplasmas are evolutionarily closely related to eubacteria, in particular to Bacillus. The results for 23S RNA, on the other hand, indicated a special status for mycoplasma. Especially for M. capricolum, this special status represents a striking simplification of the procaryotic 23S RNA t Present address: pattern at least as typified by that of Escherichia coli.MATERIALS AND METHODS M. capricolum (formerly Mycoplasma sp. Kid) and A. laidlawii strains were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Md. (ATCC numbers 27343 and 14192, respectively). Separate samples were obtained for each of three experiments. Cultures were grown in shaking flasks at 37°C in 50 ml of medium consisting of 2% tryptose, 0.5% NaCl, 0.5% glucose, 1% PPLO serum (Difco), 0.5% Tris, and 100 U of penicillin G per ml, brought to pH 8.2 (33). Labeled precursors were...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylation patterns of mycoplasma transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acid

HsuChen¹,

Dubin²

1980

J Bacteriol

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“…Most of these modifications consist of base or ribose methylations of nucleosides whose sequence locations are generally conserved among tRNA species. Analyses of tRNA hydrolysates from other archaea including the thermophiles Archaeoglobus fulgidus, Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, Thermoplasma acidophilum, Sulfolobus solfataricus, Pyrodictium occultum, Thermoproteus neutrophilus, Pyrococcus furiosus and Pyrolobus fumarii have identified numerous modified nucleotides, including many unique to the Archaea (4,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-transcriptional modification in archaeal tRNAs: identities and phylogenetic relations of nucleotides from mesophilic and hyperthermophilic Methanococcales

McCloskey¹

2001

Nucleic Acids Research

119

117

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Post-transcriptional modifications in archaeal RNA are known to be phylogenetically distinct but relatively little is known of tRNA from the Methanococci, a lineage of methanogenic marine euryarchaea that grow over an unusually broad temperature range. Transfer RNAs from Methanococcus vannielii, Methanococcus maripaludis, the thermophile Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, and hyperthermophiles Methanococcus jannaschii and Methanococcus igneus were studied to determine whether modification patterns reflect the close phylogenetic relationships inferred from small ribosomal subunit RNA sequences, and to examine modification differences associated with temperature of growth. Twenty-four modified nucleosides were characterized, including the complex tricyclic nucleoside wyosine characteristic of position 37 in tRNA(Phe) and known previously only in eukarya, plus two new wye family members of presently unknown structure. The hypermodified nucleoside 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine, reported previously only in bacterial tRNA at the first position of the anticodon, was identified by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in four of the five organisms. The ribose-methylated nucleosides, 2'-O-methyladenosine, N(2),2'-O-dimethylguanosine and N(2),N(2),2'-O-trimethylguanosine, were found only in hyperthermophile tRNA, consistent with their proposed roles in thermal stabilization of tRNA.

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“…One, Metizanio-cOCcus vIoltae, has not been described previously in detail. In comparison, the nutrition (17,18,31) and morphology (16) and some aspects of the biochemistry (7,19,20) of Methanococcus vanniel/i have been examined. In addition, a third grams per liter of glass-distilled water): sodium acetate, 1.25; leucine, 0.5; isoleucine, 1.0; pantothenate, 0.005; cysteine, 0.5; nitriloacetic acid, 0.015; resazurin, 0.001; NaCl, 20.0; NaHCO3, 5.0; MgC926H20, 2.8; MgSO4 7H2O, 3.5; KCl, 0.34; NH4Cl, 0.25; K2HPO4, 0.14; CaCl2, 0.14; Na2S 9H2O, 0.5; MnSO4 H2O, 0.005; Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 7H20, 0.002; Fe-S04-7H20, 0.001; CoCl2 6H20, 0.001; ZnSO4 7H20, 0.001; NiCl2, 0.0005; CuSO4S5H2O, 0.0001; AlK-(SO4)-2H2O, 0.0001; H3BO3, 0.0001; Na2MoO42H2O, 0.0001.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nutrition and carbon metabolism of Methanococcus voltae

Whitman¹,

Ankwanda²,

Wolfe³

1982

J Bacteriol

260

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Metihanoe o((eiis voltae is a heterotrophic. H 2-oxidizing methanogenic bacterium. In complex medium, this bacterium has a doubling time of 1.2 h at its temperature optimum of 38°C. In defined medium. optimal growth is obtained with 0.75 mM isoleucine, 0.75 mM leucine, 2.5 mM acetate, 5 mM NH4Cl, 84 mM MgSO4, 0.4 M NaCI, 1 mM CaCI,. 10 FLM FeO, and 0.2 F.M NiCI1. In addition, pantothenate, sodium selenate, and cobalt stimulate growth. Optimal growth is obtained between pH 6.0 and 7.0 with either H2 or formate as the electron donor. The volatile fatty acids 2-methylbutyrate and isovalerate can substitute for isoleucine and leucine, respectively. Cellular carbon is derived from acetate (31%), isoleucine (22%)* leucine (25%). and carbon dioxide (23%). The amino acids and fatty acids are incorporated almost exclusively into protein. A comparison of the incorporation of U-14C-amino acids and I-_4C-fatty acids indicated that the fatty acids are degraded during incorporation into cell protein. The distribution of carbon from the amino acids suggests that acetyl coenzyme A is not a major intermediate in the degradation of these compounds. Thus. M. volt/e may convert isoleucine and leucine to other amino acids by a unique mechanism. The member has been described recently (W. J.

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Composition and Characterization of tRNA from Methanococcus vannielii

Cited by 30 publications

References 25 publications

Methylation patterns of mycoplasma transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acid

Methylation patterns of mycoplasma transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acid

Post-transcriptional modification in archaeal tRNAs: identities and phylogenetic relations of nucleotides from mesophilic and hyperthermophilic Methanococcales

Nutrition and carbon metabolism of Methanococcus voltae

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