Composition and digestibility during ageing of consecutive leaves on the main stem of Italian ryegrass plants, growing undisturbed or regrowing after cutting

Groot, J.C.J.; Neuteboom, J.H.; Deinum, B.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199909)79:12<1691::aid-jsfa423>3.0.co;2-l

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is well known that the composition of herbage of grass-dominant pastures changes during regrowth. As the leaves of both temperate and tropical grasses age, their digestibility declines due to increasing indigestible cell wall content and decreasing cell wall digestibility [41][42][43][44]. Thus, overall fibre content of herbage increases, while fibre digestibility declines, as regrowth proceeds.…”

Section: Pasture Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Ecophysiology to Improve Farm Efficiency: Application in Temperate Dairy Grazing Systems

Chapman

2016

Agriculture

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Information on the physiological ecology of grass-dominant pastures has made a substantial contribution to the development of practices that optimise the amount of feed harvested by grazing animals in temperate livestock systems. However, the contribution of ecophysiology is often under-stated, and the need for further research in this field is sometimes questioned. The challenge for ecophysiolgists, therefore, is to demonstrate how ecophysiological knowledge can help solve significant problems looming for grassland farming in temperate regions while also removing constraints to improved productivity from grazed pastures. To do this, ecophysiological research needs to align more closely with related disciplines, particularly genetics/genomics, agronomy, and farming systems, including systems modelling. This review considers how ecophysiological information has contributed to the development of grazing management practices in the New Zealand dairy industry, an industry that is generally regarded as a world leader in the efficiency with which pasture is grown and utilised for animal production. Even so, there are clear opportunities for further gains in pasture utilisation through the refinement of grazing management practices and the harnessing of those practices to improved pasture plant cultivars with phenotypes that facilitate greater grazing efficiency. Meanwhile, sub-optimal persistence of new pastures continues to constrain productivity in some environments. The underlying plant and population processes associated with this have not been clearly defined. Ecophysiological information, placed in the context of trait identification, grounded in well-designed agronomic studies and linked to plant improvements programmes, is required to address this.

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Section: Pasture Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Ecophysiology to Improve Farm Efficiency: Application in Temperate Dairy Grazing Systems

Chapman

2016

Agriculture

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“…In general terms PD tended to decrease from DH1 to DH3. It was expected that because of changes in the ratio of cell walls to cell contents, the digestibilities of pastures would be higher in the early vegetative stage (early spring for this study) due to a high cell soluble content (Groot et al, 1999). The DM readily soluble fraction (A) of RGWC-DH1 was higher (464 g kg -1 DM) than that of the other treatments, with MIXED-DH3 having the lowest value (255 g kg -1 DM).…”

Section: Dry Matter Degradation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ rumen degradation kinetics as affected by type of pasture and date of harvest

Keim

Valderrama

Alomar

et al. 2013

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…In earlier papers the relationships between plant development and digestibility and the digestibility decline in consecutively formed individual leaves on the main shoot of Italian ryegrass were studied 2. 3 An important parameter related to plant development that will also be used here is the leaf appearance rate 2. The aging of cell walls in leaves (decline of digestibility) starts even before leaf appearance, during the elongation of the leaf in the sheath tube 2–4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the temperature effect on the components of plant digestibility in two populations of perennial ryegrass

et al. 2003

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For the development of mechanistic models of herbage digestibility, quantitative insight into the effects of age, temperature and cultivar on digestibility characteristics of individual plant parts is needed. Towards that goal, glasshouse experiments were conducted at day/night temperatures of 13/8, 18/13 and 23/18°C with vegetative and reproductive crops of two populations of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L) selected for differences in leaf blade digestibility. Cell wall content (CWC) and true cell wall and organic matter digestibility (CWD and OMD) of vegetative and reproductive tillers were related to dimensions, mass, CWC and digestibility of separate plant parts. Compared with the vegetative tillers, the reproductive tillers had higher rates of leaf appearance, organic matter growth and CWD decline. Strikingly, for both tiller types, no direct effect of temperature on whole tiller CWD was observed, since temperature effects could be eliminated completely by relating CWD to development stage (DVS) expressed as number of leaves appearing on the main tiller. Temperature effects on CWD were restricted to its influence on tiller development rate only. The decline of CWD of individual plant parts with DVS in the reproductive tillers could be described with a negative exponential curve, which reached an asymptote that was higher for leaf blades (755 g kg À1 ) than for leaf sheaths (491 g kg À1 ) and stem internodes (230 g kg À1 ). However, all plant parts in both tiller types had the same fractional CWD decline rate of 0.395 per leaf appearance interval, independent of plant part insertion level, population or temperature. Differences between temperature treatments in OMD were caused by the higher CWC of plant parts at higher temperature, due to a stronger decline of the specific organic matter mass than of the specific cell wall mass of plant parts at increasing temperature. Differences in whole tiller OMD between populations were observed only for vegetative tillers and were also caused by differences in CWC. It is concluded that temperature increase accelerated both the tiller development rate and the rate of decline of CWD during aging to the same extent, whereas plant parts responded similarly in the fractional CWD decline pattern as a function of DVS. These trends offer unique possibilities for modelling grass digestibility under contrasting temperature regimes. INTRODUCTIONTemperature and reproductive development are the most important factors determining composition and digestibility of grass. 1 Temperature affects digestibility through changes in three plant characteristics: (i) the rate of development, (ii) the ratio between cell wall and cell contents and (iii) the rate of cell wall aging, which results in a decline of cell wall digestibility. The contribution of these three plant processes to the generally observed temperature effect has not been quantified before and will be analysed in this paper.The analysis is based on glasshouse experiments with vegetative and reproductive tillers of two popul...

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Composition and digestibility during ageing of consecutive leaves on the main stem of Italian ryegrass plants, growing undisturbed or regrowing after cutting

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Using Ecophysiology to Improve Farm Efficiency: Application in Temperate Dairy Grazing Systems

Using Ecophysiology to Improve Farm Efficiency: Application in Temperate Dairy Grazing Systems

In situ rumen degradation kinetics as affected by type of pasture and date of harvest

Analysis of the temperature effect on the components of plant digestibility in two populations of perennial ryegrass

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