Composition and performance of distillate recycle solvents from the SRC-I process

Burke, F.P.; Winschel, R.A.; Pochapsky, Thomas C.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(81)90155-1

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This is also substantiated by the results obtained from field desorption mass spectrometry. For the most part, these results from proton NMR agree with results obtained by Burke et al (10) and Winshel et al (11), particularly for samples 3 and 4. However, the differences in results obtained on samples 1 and 2, both aromatic and methyl percentages, may be attributed to integration over slightly different ppm region or choice of solvent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Coal liquefaction process streams characterization and evaluation

Campbell¹,

Linehan²,

Robins³

1992

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This report was preparedas an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thr "eor. nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liabuity or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclose& or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. This report has beenreproduced directly fromthe bestavailablecopy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Coal liquefaction process streams characterization and evaluation

Campbell¹,

Linehan²,

Robins³

1992

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“…Several attempts to measure the ability to donate hydrogen during coal liquefaction of a chemical compound have been performed. A hydrogen donor parameter is defined based on one or several of the next parameters: solubility, polarity, chemical reaction tests, mass spectrometry, structural parameters, and spectroscopic features obtained from 1 H and 13 C NMR. − …”

Section: Fundamentalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Hydrogen Donors for Partial Upgrading of Heavy Petroleum

et al. 2016

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The huge energy required to overcome the high-pressure drop in pipelines due to the high viscosity of heavy crude oils has motivated the development of technologies to improve the flow properties of these heavy hydrocarbons, such as friction reduction, viscosity reduction, and in situ upgrading. It has been reported that a series of H-donors has been used to upgrade heavy oil for their transportation (low viscosity and high API gravity). Virtually any organic compound with a low oxidation potential can serve as a useful hydrogen donor. The low oxidation potential enables the transfer of hydrogen(s) from the donor to the substrate under mild reaction conditions. The choice of donor is based on the nature of the reaction, its availability, and solubility in the reaction medium.

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“…Several methods have been developed for isolating and in some cases characterizing hydroxyl aromatic fractions from coal-derived liquid samples (2)(3)(4). However, very little work has been done in the subsequent separation and characterization of hydroxyl aromatic coal-liquid fractions.In general, both normal-and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been used to separate hydroxyl aromatics (6-20, and several of these HPLC systems have been applied to distillable hydroxyl aromatic coal-liquid fractions (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Recently we briefly discussed HPLC systems for the isolation of hydroxyl aromatic fractions form nondistillable coal-liquid samples (22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Separation and characterization of hydroxyl aromatics in complex fractions from nondistillable coal-derived liquids

Cooper¹,

Hurtubise²,

Silver³

1986

Anal. Chem.

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Complex hydroxyl aromatlc fractions isolated from nondlstlllable coal-derlved llqulds were separated by a comblnatlon of normal-phase and reversed-phase llquld chromatography. The normal-phase chromatographlc step effected the separation of hydroxyl aromatics Into mono-and dlhydroxyl fractlons. The mono-and dlhydroxyl fractlons from the coal-llquld sample were characterized with infrared and field-ionization mass spectrometry (FIMS). A monohydroxyl fraction of oils from a Kentucky coal-liquid sample was separated with an optimized reversed-phase chromatographlc system. The monohydroxyl fraction was completely eluted by uslng a comblnatlon of lsocratlc and gradient elution condltlons. The comblnatlon of reversed-phase liquid chromatography and FIMS provided a unique method for the characterization of the monohydroxyl fractlon of 011s from the Kentucky coal-liquid sample.The development and optimization of coal liquefaction processes for converting coal to environmentally acceptable liquids necessitate a fundamental understanding of coal liquefaction chemistry. This requires the development of new analytical separation methods and characterization procedures. However, no single method may suffice since sample composition and required compositional information will vary with the specific fuel and its intended use. Thus, if a coal-derived liquid is to be used as an energy source, compound-class separations may provide sufficient analytical information. On the other hand, if the coal-derived liquid is to be used as a petrochemical feed stock, separation and characterization of specific compounds may be required. Furthermore, the identification and elimination of toxic and carcinogenic compounds is necessary to reduce environmental and occupational health hazards.The extreme complexity of coal-derived liquids requires compound-class or functional-group-type separations prior to detailed characterization. Of particular interest are hydroxyl aromatics which are important in coal liquefaction processes and are abundant in coal-derived liquids. In addition, hydroxyl aromatics are important in many chemical processes and a number of exhibit carcinogenic and mutagenic activity ( I ) . Poirier and George (2), Trusell (3), and Yonko (4) have reviewed methods for separating coal-derived liquids according to compound types and the analytical methods used to characterize these fractions. In particular, Gorbaty et al. (5) have discussed the need for analytical methods for the separation and characterization of various oxygen functional groups in coal-derived liquids. Several methods have been developed for isolating and in some cases characterizing hydroxyl aromatic fractions from coal-derived liquid samples (2)(3)(4). However, very little work has been done in the subsequent separation and characterization of hydroxyl aromatic coal-liquid fractions.In general, both normal-and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been used to separate hydroxyl aromatics (6-20, and several of these HPLC systems have b...

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Composition and performance of distillate recycle solvents from the SRC-I process

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

Coal liquefaction process streams characterization and evaluation

Coal liquefaction process streams characterization and evaluation

Use of Hydrogen Donors for Partial Upgrading of Heavy Petroleum

Separation and characterization of hydroxyl aromatics in complex fractions from nondistillable coal-derived liquids

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