Composition and properties of extract of fiddleback (Loxosceles reclusa) spider venom apparatus

Geren, Collis R.; Chan, Tak K.; Ward, Billy C.; Howell, D. E.; Pinkston, Ken; Odell, George V.

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(73)90005-6

Cited by 29 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…This difference may be explained by the fact that whereas L. gaucho and L. intermedia are native to Brazil, L. laeta is native to Chile (Gertsch and Ennick, 1983). Geren et al (1973Geren et al ( , 1975Geren et al ( , 1976 working with L. reclusa reported that the venom components responsible for lethal and dermonecrotic activities were two toxins of about 34 kDa. Components with lower molecular weight showed no toxic activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compared chemical properties of dermonecrotic and lethal toxins from spiders of the genusLoxosceles (Araneae)

et al. 1996

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Loxosceles spider venom usually causes a typical dermonecrotic lesion in bitten patients, but it may also cause systemic effects that may be lethal. Gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 of Loxosceles gaucho, L. laeta, or L. intermedia spider venoms resulted in three fractions (A, containing higher molecular mass components. B containing intermediate molecular mass components, and C with lower molecular mass components). The dermonecrotic and lethal activities were detected exclusively in fraction A of all three species. Analysis by SDS-PAGE showed that the major protein contained in fraction A has molecular weight approximately 35 kDa in L. gaucho and L. intermedia, but 32 kDa in L. laeta venom. These toxins were isolated from venoms of L. gaucho, L. laeta, and L. intermedia by SDS-PAGE followed by blotting to PVDF membrane and sequencing. A database search showed a high level of identity between each toxin and a fragment of the L. reclusa (North American spider) toxin. A multiple sequence alignment of the Loxosceles toxins showed many common identical residues in their N-terminal sequences. Identities ranged from 50.0% (L. gaucho and L. reclusa) to 61.1% (L. intermedia and L. reclusa). The purified toxins were also submitted to capillary electrophoresis peptide mapping after in situ partial hydrolysis of the blotted samples. The results obtained suggest that L. intermedia protein is more similar to L. laeta toxin than L. gaucho toxin and revealed a smaller homology between L. intermedia and L. gaucho. Altogether these findings suggest that the toxins responsible for most important activities of venoms of Loxosceles species have a molecular mass of 32-35 kDa and are probably homologous proteins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compared chemical properties of dermonecrotic and lethal toxins from spiders of the genusLoxosceles (Araneae)

et al. 1996

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Niedermolekulare Verbindungen aus Spinnen als chemische Sensoren

Olsen

Strømgaard

2011

Angewandte Chemie

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Spinnen sind für viele Ökosysteme wichtig, und als Hauptfeinde von Insekten verfügen sie über eine Fülle von niedermolekularen Naturstoffen mit faszinierenden biologischen Wirkungen. Die Isolierung und die biologische Charakterisierung dieser Verbindungen sind wohlbekannt, aber erst kürzlich wurden sie als Leitstrukturen für die Entwicklung, Synthese und biologische Untersuchung synthetischer Analoga verwendet. Weit weniger erforscht sind hingegen Verbindungen, die der Kommunikation von Spinnen dienen. Vor kurzem wurden jedoch auf dem Gebiet der Pheromone und Allomone aus Spinnen neue Erkenntnisse erhalten, die wir hier zusammenfassen und mit früheren Ergebnissen in Zusammenhang bringen. Abschließend geben wir einen Ausblick auf künftige Untersuchungen an dieser Art von Verbindungen.

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Small Molecules from Spiders Used as Chemical Probes

2011

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Spiders are important species in ecological systems and as major predators of insects they are endowed with a plethora of low-molecular-weight natural products having intriguing biological activities. The isolation and biological characterization of these entities are well established, however, only very recently have these compounds been used as templates for the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of synthetic analogues. In contrast, the investigation of compounds responsible for chemical communication between spiders is far less developed, but recently new light has been shed onto the area of pheromones and allomones from spiders. Herein, we recapitulate these recent results, put them into perspective with previous findings, and provide an outlook for future studies of these chemotypes.

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Composition and properties of extract of fiddleback (Loxosceles reclusa) spider venom apparatus

Cited by 29 publications

References 7 publications

Compared chemical properties of dermonecrotic and lethal toxins from spiders of the genusLoxosceles (Araneae)

Compared chemical properties of dermonecrotic and lethal toxins from spiders of the genusLoxosceles (Araneae)

Niedermolekulare Verbindungen aus Spinnen als chemische Sensoren

Small Molecules from Spiders Used as Chemical Probes

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