Composition and spatial distribution of elements and isotopes of a giant human bladder stone and environmental implications

Wang, Longquan; Chen, Mei; He, Pengzhen; Yu, Haiyun; Block, K. A.; Xie, Zhouqing

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.028

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Figure 1 a and e presents the result of the correlation analysis for the CO, CA, UA, mixed CO and CA, and the mixed CO and UA stone groups, respectively. In the case of the CO stone group, Ca and Na exhibit a positive correlation ( r = 0.48), likely attributed to their closely matched ionic radius (116 pm for Ca and 144 pm for Na) [ 54 ], This similarity enables Na to substitute for Ca in various rock-forming minerals, such as plagioclase feldspar (sodium-calcium feldspar series NaAl3Si3O8-CaAl2Si2O8) and pyroxene [ 55 , 56 ]. Ca shows a strong positive correlation with Zn ( r = 0.66) in the CO stone group, suggesting that these elements may undergo thermodynamically favorable substitution processes or are easily absorbed into the oxalate crystal structure [ 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key role of major and trace elements in the formation of five common urinary stones

Tian,

Han,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Urol

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Background Urolithiasis has emerged as a global affliction, recognized as one of the most excruciating medical issues. The elemental composition of stones provides crucial information, aiding in understanding the causes, mechanisms, and individual variations in stone formation. By understanding the interactions between elements in various types of stones and exploring the key role of elements in stone formation, insights are provided for the prevention and treatment of urinary stone disease. Methods This study collected urinary stone samples from 80 patients in Beijing. The chemical compositions of urinary stones were identified using an infrared spectrometer. The concentrations of major and trace elements in the urinary stones were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. The data were processed using correlation analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods. Results Urinary stones are categorized into five types: the calcium oxalate (CO) stone, carbonate apatite (CA) stone, uric acid (UA) stone, mixed CO and CA stone, and mixed CO and UA stone. Ca is the predominant element, with an average content ranging from 2.64 to 27.68% across the five stone groups. Based on geochemical analysis, the high-content elements follow this order: Ca > Mg > Na > K > Zn > Sr. Correlation analysis and PCA suggested significant variations in the interactions between elements for different types of urinary stones. Trace elements with charges and ionic structures similar to Ca may substitute for Ca during the process of stone formation, such as Sr and Pb affecting the Ca in most stone types except mixed stone types. Moreover, the Mg, Zn and Ba can substitute for Ca in the mixed stone types, showing element behavior dependents on the stone types. Conclusion This study primarily reveals distinct elemental features associated with five types of urinary stones. Additionally, the analysis of these elements indicates that substitutions of trace elements with charges and ion structures similar to Ca (such as Sr and Pb) impact most stone types. This suggests a dependence of stone composition on elemental behavior. The findings of this study will enhance our ability to address the challenges posed by urinary stones to global health and improve the precision of interventions for individuals with different stone compositions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key role of major and trace elements in the formation of five common urinary stones

Tian,

Han,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Urol

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“…A recent interesting example involving both source and metabolic effects has been published recently using a giant type I bladder stone (whewellite) from a Chinese 70 y-old patient. The bladder stone has been analysed layer after layer, and the δ 13 C value has been found to correlate positively to calcium oxalate content while the δ 15 N value correlated negatively to struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate, MgNH 4 PO 4 •6 H 2 O) content [7]. This indicates that (i) the δ 13 C of excreted oxalate was very high (near −10‰) pointing to a plant origin (oxalic-rich food such as strong black tea and low-value vegetables), and (ii) the δ 15 N of ammonia was relatively depleted (near +4‰) reflecting the isotope effect in amino acid deamination reactions.…”

Section: Basics Of Stable Isotopes and Metabolic Isotope Effects 21 G...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Isotope Abundance and Fractionation in Human Diseases

et al. 2021

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The natural abundance of heavy stable isotopes (13C, 15N, 18O, etc.) is now of considerable importance in many research fields, including human physiology. In fact, it varies between tissues and metabolites due to isotope effects in biological processes, that is, isotope discriminations between heavy and light isotopic forms during enzyme or transporter activity. The metabolic deregulation associated with many diseases leads to alterations in metabolic fluxes, resulting in changes in isotope abundance that can be identified easily with current isotope ratio technologies. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on changes in natural isotope composition in samples (including various tissues, hair, plasma, saliva) found in patients compared to controls, caused by human diseases. We discuss the metabolic origin of such isotope fractionations and highlight the potential of using isotopes at natural abundance for medical diagnosis and/or prognostic.

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“…The role of major and trace elements in the pathogenesis of urinary stones was widely investigated in the last decades, encouraging the use of these biominerals for biomonitoring purposes [7,30,84,85]. In particular, major and trace elements naturally occur in biocrystals as a consequence of food intake, metabolic processes and environmental factors.…”

Section: Assumption On Meaning Of Major and Trace Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

May a comprehensive mineralogical study of a jackstone calculus and some other human bladder stones unveil health and environmental implications?

Mercurio

Izzo

Gatta

et al. 2021

Environ Geochem Health

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Composition and spatial distribution of elements and isotopes of a giant human bladder stone and environmental implications

Cited by 7 publications

References 68 publications

The key role of major and trace elements in the formation of five common urinary stones

The key role of major and trace elements in the formation of five common urinary stones

Stable Isotope Abundance and Fractionation in Human Diseases

May a comprehensive mineralogical study of a jackstone calculus and some other human bladder stones unveil health and environmental implications?

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