Composition and taste of tomatoes as affected by increased salinity and different salinity sources

Petersen, Karen Koefoed; Willumsen, J.; Kaack, Karl

doi:10.1080/14620316.1998.11510966

Cited by 145 publications

(107 citation statements)

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“…The differences in pulp firmness seen between the growing seasons may be a consequence of the EC and/or the degree of shading provided. Several authors (Ehret and Ho, 1986;Adams and Ho, 1992;Petersen et al,1998) have attributed a higher ºBrix and pulp firmness to a higher EC of the soil solution, but this was not the case in the present work in either growing season.…”

Section: Augcontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…Growers often increase the EC by applying salts and/or inducing drought stress before harvest to enhance the sweetness of their fruit (Ehret and Ho, 1986;Adams and Ho, 1992); this can limit vegetative growth but it improves fruit sweetness (Awang et al, 1993;Sato et al, 2006). Petersen et al (1998) reported that tomatoes hydroponically-produced with an NaCl-enriched nutrient solution were associated with a greater consumer preference and increased sweetness and flavour. It also make the fruit harder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of shading with aluminised screens on fruit production and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Callejón-Ferre¹,

Manzano-Agugliaro

Díaz-Pérez

et al. 2009

Span. j. agric. res.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of using aluminised screens offering different degrees of shading on the production and quality of tomato cv Atlético crops grown under greenhouse conditions. The study was performed in an Almería-type "raspa and amagado" commercial greenhouse with an area of 10,000 m 2 . The covering material was heat-insulating polyethylene (200 µm thick). The passive ventilation area of the greenhouse was 14%. Transplantation of the plantlets into the sandy mulch soil of the greenhouse was performed to leave a density of 1.78 plants m -2 . Plants were grown under extendable aluminised screens offering 40% (T40), 50% (T50) and 60% (T60) shading, as well as under traditional whitewashing conditions (control). The screens were used during the middle hours of the day in summer with a view to reducing radiation, and at night in autumn and winter to prevent the loss of heat via outgoing long-wave infrared radiation. Only the T60 treatment returned significantly different results compared to the control: the T60 fruit had a lower ºBrix but were firmer in both growing seasons.Additional key words: Brix degrees, climate control, firmness, fruit weight, pH, whitewashing. ResumenEfecto del sombreo mediante pantallas aluminizadas sobre la producción y calidad de fruto en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) bajo invernaderoEl propósito del presente trabajo fue evaluar la posible ventaja del uso de las pantallas aluminizadas con diferentes proporciones de sombreo, sobre los principales atributos de producción y calidad en cultivo de tomate cv Atlético bajo invernadero. El estudio se realizó en un invernadero comercial tipo Almería de "raspa y amagado" de 10,000 m 2 . El material de la cubierta fue polietileno termoaislante de 200 µm de grosor y con un 14% de ventilación pasiva. El transplante se realizó en suelo arenado a una densidad de 1,78 plantas m -2 . El estudio comparó el uso de pantallas aluminizadas extensibles del 40% (T40), 50% (T50) y 60% (T60) de sombreo frente al testigo (encalado tradicional). Se utilizaron en los meses de verano durante las horas centrales del día con el objetivo de reducir la radiación y, en otoño e invierno, durante la noche para evitar la pérdida de temperatura por radiación infrarroja de onda larga. Tan sólo con T60 se obtuvieron diferencias significativas respecto del testigo, en ambas campañas, en cuanto a menor ºBrix y mayor firmeza del fruto. Un mayor sombreo produjo mayor firmeza y menor cantidad de sólidos solubles (ºBrix) en frutos.

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Section: Augcontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of shading with aluminised screens on fruit production and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Callejón-Ferre¹,

Manzano-Agugliaro

Díaz-Pérez

et al. 2009

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…High soil EC values can reduce total and marketable production, fruit maximum diameter and mean fruit mass, but increase fruit firmness, hardness and improve taste (determined by the relationship between ºBrix and pH) (Awanng et al, 1993;Petersen et al, 1998;Lorenzo et al, 2006;Callejón-Ferre et al, 2009). It might be expected that, given the significantly lower EC values recorded in T2, total and marketable production might be greater than in T0 and T1 (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse tomato production with electricity generation by roof-mounted flexible solar panels

Ureña-Sánchez

Callejón-Ferre

Pérez-Alonso

et al. 2012

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

118

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The integration of renewable energy sources into greenhouse crop production in southeastern Spain could provide extra income for growers. Wind energy could be captured by small to medium-sized wind turbines, gas could be produced from biomass, and solar energy could be gathered by solar panels. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of flexible solar panels, mounted on top of a greenhouse for electricity production, on yield and fruit quality of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersycum L., cv Daniela). This study was undertaken in a commercial raspa y amagado greenhouse, typical of the Almería region (Spain). Tomato plantlets were planted at a density of 0.75 plants m −2 . The flexible solar panels were mounted on two parts of the roof in different arrangements (T1 and T2), each blacking out 9.8 % of its surface area. A control area (T0 arrangement) was fitted with no panels. No difference was found in terms of total or marketable production under these three arrangements, although fruit mean mass and maximum diameter of T0 were significantly greater than T1 and T2. Fruit in T0 matured earlier with more intense color compared with those in T1 and T2. However, these differences had no effect on price as the tomatoes produced under three conditions fell into the same commercial class (G class; diameter 67-81 mm). Solar panels covering 9.8 % roof area of the greenhouse did not affect yield and price of tomatoes despite of their negative effect on fruit size and color.

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“…Concentrations of dry matter, soluble solids, fructose, glucose, titratable acids, volatile compounds, minerals, carotene and vitamin C in fresh fruit increase with increasing salinity [5,51,52,71,94,96,134,154,165,168,169,173]. Gough and Hobson [73] found that for cluster tomato grown in NFT at EC's of 3.0, 5.0 and 8.0 mS⋅cm -1 , the most flavourful fruit was produced under an EC of 5 mS⋅cm -1 .…”

Section: Organoleptic and Nutraceutic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of electric conductivity management on greenhouse tomato yield and fruit quality

2001

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-The osmotic and ionic effects of the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution and its interactions with climatic factors and cultural practices on tomato yield and fruit quality are reviewed. Adjusting the salinity of the nutrient solution allows growers to modify water availability to the crop and hence improve fruit quality. At some point, however, increases in salinity limit marketable yield. Under high ECs, fruit size is inversely related to EC while the dry matter content of the fruit is linearly increased by the EC. The exact rate of yield decline varies with interactions between cultivars, environmental factors, composition of the nutrient solution, and crop management. According to different studies and growth conditions, salinities higher than 2.3-5.1 mS⋅cm -1 result in an undesirable yield reduction, while ECs of 3.5-9.0 mS⋅cm -1 improve tomato fruit quality. Manipulating the indoor climate such as humidity, temperature and ambient CO 2 level may offset the negative effect of high salinity on yield and fruit quality such as blossom-end rot. The light intensity received by the plant directly affects the quantity of photoassimilates available to the fruit, it also increases their sugar: acid ratio, and influences the transpiration rate and the water uptake by the plant, which in turn, affect the EC around the root. Increasing the EC with NaCl reduces titratable acids, potassium and nitrogen in the fruit but also increases their sodium content. NaCl enhances the sweetness of tomato fruit and improves the overall flavour intensity. Depending upon the composition of the saline solution, ion toxicities or nutritional deficiencies may arise because of a predominance of specific ion or competition effects among cations and anions. Keeping the proper nutrient levels and ratios between all the nutrients in the root environment for each growth stage of a crop should be targeted in order to achieve high yields and high quality products throughout the cropping season. Several EC and fertigation management regimes could improve fruit quality and are presented in this review.Lycopersicon esculentum / tomato / electrical conductivity / salinity / fruit quality / greenhouse Résumé -Influence de la régie de la conductivité électrique de la solution nutritive sur le rendement et la qualité de la tomate de serre. Cette revue de littérature porte sur les effets osmotiques et ioniques de la conductivité électrique (CE) de la solution nutritive et de ses liens avec les facteurs climatiques et culturaux sur le rendement et la qualité de la tomate de serre. L'ajustement de la salinité de la solution nutritive permet aux producteurs de modifier la disponibilité en eau pour la plante de façon à contrôler la qualité des fruits. Cependant, des salinités élevées affectent le rendement vendable. Sous une haute CE, le calibre des fruits est inversement relié à la CE alors que le contenu en matière sèche des fruits augmente linéairement avec la CE. Le taux de réduction du rendement varie selon les interactions e...

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Composition and taste of tomatoes as affected by increased salinity and different salinity sources

Cited by 145 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of shading with aluminised screens on fruit production and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Effect of shading with aluminised screens on fruit production and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Greenhouse tomato production with electricity generation by roof-mounted flexible solar panels

Influence of electric conductivity management on greenhouse tomato yield and fruit quality

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